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Photographed 24 July 2015.

The three grasses are: Bouteloua gracilis, B. curtipendula, and Aristida purpurea.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Windy Saddle Park, Jefferson County, Colorado

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1241, 24 Jul 2015. Coll. No. 1242, 24 Jul 2015. Coll. No. 1243, 24 Jul 2015.

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Scanned 14 October 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Aegilops cylindrica.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1139, 9 Jun 2015.

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Scanned 14 October 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Aegilops cylindrica.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1139, 9 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011390Spklt.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=21435268&clid=0 Accessed 12 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain)

Location records that use this photograph:

• Schweich Hill, Jefferson County, Colorado

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Agropyron cristatum.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1856, 18 May 2018.

        images/20Agrcri_Schweich1856.jpg

Photographed 31 December 2023.

Coll. No. 3080, 12 July 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 75 cm., not obviously rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, 93 mm., open, ligule, membranous, auricles, minimal, 0.5 mm., lanceolate, blade, 160 mm. × 3.2 mm. wide, flat, adaxial pilose; Inflorescence, 2-sided spike, 45 mm. × 7 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 12 mm. × 12 mm. wide, overlapping about ⅔ or 8 mm., similar, borne singly, glumes and florets spreading; Glumes, lower, 5 mm. + awn, 3 mm. Veins, 5, upper, 5 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide + awn 3.5 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 5, keeled; Florets, 5 per spikelet; Lemma, 7.5 mm., >glumes, keeled, barely scabrous on veins, veins, 5, tip, bifid, awns, #1, 2.8 mm., straight; Palea, 5.8 mm., <lemma, membranous, keel, ciliate, tip, bifid; Anthers, 3 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3080, 12 Jul 2023.

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Photographed 31 December 2023.

Coll. No. 3080, 12 July 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 75 cm., not obviously rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, 93 mm., open, ligule, membranous, auricles, minimal, 0.5 mm., lanceolate, blade, 160 mm. × 3.2 mm. wide, flat, adaxial pilose; Inflorescence, 2-sided spike, 45 mm. × 7 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 12 mm. × 12 mm. wide, overlapping about ⅔ or 8 mm., similar, borne singly, glumes and florets spreading; Glumes, lower, 5 mm. + awn, 3 mm. Veins, 5, upper, 5 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide + awn 3.5 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 5, keeled; Florets, 5 per spikelet; Lemma, 7.5 mm., >glumes, keeled, barely scabrous on veins, veins, 5, tip, bifid, awns, #1, 2.8 mm., straight; Palea, 5.8 mm., <lemma, membranous, keel, ciliate, tip, bifid; Anthers, 3 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3080, 12 Jul 2023.

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Photographed 30 May 2012 … although, the infloresence is much tighter than the illustration in TJM2 would suggest.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Leonard Drive, Mono County, California: on Leonard Dr.
• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Agropyron cristatum.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 821.
• A Checklist Flora of the Mono Lake Basin, Mono County, California and Mineral County, Nevada.: at June Lake.

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Photographed 30 May 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Leonard Drive, Mono County, California: on Leonard Dr.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 821.

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Photographed 26 January 2013.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Leonard Drive, Mono County, California: on Leonard Dr.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 821.

        images/IMG31004sm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=8550168&clid=0 Accessed 12 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Agrostis gigantea.

        images/20Agrgig_Schweich1225.jpg

Photographed 1 February 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3211, 8 Sep 2023.

        images/IMGQ6100sm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3058218&clid=0 Accessed 12 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

I wanted to use this image because it shows a strong rhizome.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Agrostis gigantea.

        images/20Agrgig_Brunquist11.jpg

Photographed 14 January 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3124, 19 Jul 2023.

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Photographed 10 February 2022.

Coll. No. 2700.1, 17 Aug 2021, characters observed: Perennial grass, 40 cm., rhizomes not seen; Leaves, sheath, 30 mm., open, distally retrorsely scabrous, ligule, membranous, 2 mm., auricles, absent, blade, 35 mm. × 0.8 mm. wide, flat, margins, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, open panicle with ascending branches, 140 mm. × 80 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended; Spikelets, many, 2 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels 1.7-3.5 mm, scabrous; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 2.5 mm., keeled, scabrous on keel, veins, #1, upper, 2.4 mm., >lowest floret, keeled, scabrous on keel, veins, 1, awns, 0; Florets, 1 per spikelet, fertile; Lemma, 1.5 mm., <glumes, rolled, glabrous, translucent, veins, ?, tip, obtuse, awns, 0; Palea, 0.3 mm., membranous, colorless; Anthers, 0.5 mm.; Achene, 1 mm., green, glabrous.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2700.1, 17 Aug 2021.

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Scanned 17 March 2011. Background grid is 10 x 10 to the inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 01N106A, Mono County, California: at collecting locality.
• Field Notes: 2-Aug-07.

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Scanned 14 December 2015.

Coll. No. 1225, 16 Jul 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1 m., no sign of either rhizomes or stolons; Stem, nodes green; Leaves, sheath, open, glabrous at summit, ligule, membraneous, 4 mm., angled, auricles, 0 (double fold of proximal blade margin), blade, 85 mm. × 3.8 mm. wide, scabrous abaxially; Inflorescence, open panicle, 18 cm. × 14 cm. wide, deltate; Spikelets, 1 per node, on 1°-3° panicle branches, axis not extended beside or above floret; Glumes, #2, 2.2 mm., ±equal, keeled, scabrous on keel, veins 1, awns 0, purplish; Disarticulation above the glumes; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Lemma, 1.8 mm., transparent, except 3 green veins, awns 0; Palea, 1.5 mm.; Anthers, #3, 1.4 mm., tan with purple abaxially.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1225, 16 Jul 2015.

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Scanned 12 January 2017.

Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, Colorado. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 300 m. northeast, almost to the boundary fence; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. 39.8991°N, 105.2668°W. WGS 1984 Elev. 1937 m. Weakly stoloniferous, growing in and beside ephemeral stream. Introduced.

Coll. No. 1515, 24 July 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 85 cm., decumbent at base, weakly rhizomatous, 1 of 3 collections has a 2.5 cm. scaly rhizome; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule 4 mm., chartaceous tissue extending down sheath 20 mm., auricles, 1 mm., blade, 80 mm. × 3.2 mm. wide, flat, scabrous adaxially; Inflorescence, panicle, branches not bearing spikelets to base; Spikelets, 1 floret; Glumes, ±equal, 2.3 mm., purplish, keeled scabrous; Lemma, 1.8 mm. + awn 0.3 mm., thin, translucent, veins, 3(5?); Palea, 1.3 mm. Introduced.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1515, 24 Jul 2016.

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Photographed 12 January 2017.

Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, Colorado. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 300 m. northeast, almost to the boundary fence; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. 39.8991°N, 105.2668°W. WGS 1984 Elev. 1937 m. Weakly stoloniferous, growing in and beside ephemeral stream. Introduced.

Coll. No. 1515, 24 July 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 85 cm., decumbent at base, weakly rhizomatous, 1 of 3 collections has a 2.5 cm. scaly rhizome; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule 4 mm., chartaceous tissue extending down sheath 20 mm., auricles, 1 mm., blade, 80 mm. × 3.2 mm. wide, flat, scabrous adaxially; Inflorescence, panicle, branches not bearing spikelets to base; Spikelets, 1 floret; Glumes, ±equal, 2.3 mm., purplish, keeled scabrous; Lemma, 1.8 mm. + awn 0.3 mm., thin, translucent, veins, 3(5?); Palea, 1.3 mm. Introduced.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1515, 24 Jul 2016.

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Photographed 28 October 2020.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Alopecurus arundinaceus.
• Tucker Gulch Trail, Golden, Colorado: near 1st.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2274.1, 12 May 2020.

        images/IMGQ5210sm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=13288074&clid=0 Accessed 23 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Alopecurus arundinaceus.

        images/20Aloaru_Schweich1334.jpg

Scanned 28 June 2017.

Orginally determined A. geniculatus, but the small size of the anthers is more suggestive of A. carolinianus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1689.3, 28 Jun 2017.

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Scanned 25 December 2017.

I originally determined this A. geniculatus. The anthers are quite small, less than 1 mm., as can be seen on the lower left side of the inflorescence. The small length of the anthers was first noted by Janet Wingate. This character is more suggestive of A. carolinianus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1689.3, 28 Jun 2017.

        images/TAS016893Infl.jpg

Scanned 25 December 2017.

Orginally determined A. geniculatus, but the small size of the anthers is more suggestive of A. carolinianus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1689.3, 28 Jun 2017.

        images/TAS016893Oview.jpg

Photographed 11 December 2018.

Coll. No. 1930.2, 8 Jun 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, clumped, 45-50 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated; Sheath, 40-55 mm., open, loose or inflated; Ligule, membranous, 2.5-7.0 mm., auricles, 0; Blade, 65-75 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, flat, glabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle tightly contracted, 50 mm. × 6 mm. wide, branched ≥ 2×, spikelets, many; Rachis, not extended, glabrous; Spikelets, many, similar, borne singly, 1-flowered, 3 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, look like little horseshoe crabs; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, below the glumes; Glumes, lower, 2.8 mm., upper, 2.7 mm., keeled, membranous, awns, 0, hairy on keel and lateral vein; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Lemma, 2.7 mm., membranous, glabrous, awns, #1, 5 mm., gently curved not sharply bent, attached proximal ⅓; Palea, absent; By dimensions of glumes, lemmas, and lemma awns, this would be A. geniculatus, but very few awns geniculate.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1930.2, 8 Jun 2018.

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©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=21435339&clid=0 Accessed 24 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Water Foxtail.

        images/20Alogen_Schweich19302.jpg

Photographed 4 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1060, 28 Aug 2014, characters observed: Perennial, to 85 cm., clumped, rhizomes unknown; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, 11 cm., open; Ligule, membraneous (though surrounded by hairs), 3 mm., auricles 0; Blade, soft, flat, 27 cm., hairy near ligule; Inflorescence, 80 mm., > leaves, 1-2 per stem, in 5-6 digitate branches, spikelets many; Rachis, soft bristles on margins and at nodes; Disarticulation at nodes of rachis; Spikelets in pairs, Sterile spikelet, 7 mm., pedicel 4.5 mm.; Fertile spikelet, Florets #1, Glumes, awns 0, ±equal, lower keeled, upper flattened and grooved; Lemma, 6 mm., membraneous, rolled, glabrous, tip 2-forked, awn, #1, 13 mm., bent, twisted, attached on back; Stamens, 3; Anthers, yellow; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Nightbird Gulch Trail, Mount Galbraith Park, Jefferson County, Colorado: near switchback.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1060, 28 Aug 2014.

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Scanned 7 January 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1265, 29 Jul 2015.

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Scanned 7 January 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1265, 29 Jul 2015.

        images/TAS012650Infl.jpg

Photographed 28 August 2014.

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Photographed 28 November 2021.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2547, 7 Jul 2021.

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Photographed 9 June 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Aristida purpurea. Aristida purpurea, Nuttall, 1834.
• Mesa Top Trail, Jefferson County, Colorado: at switchback.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1140, 9 Jun 2015.

        images/IMGQ0823sm.jpg

Scanned 15 October 2015.

Coll. No. 1140, 9 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, 20 cm. when collected, possibly elongating in maturity; Inflorescence, panicle, branches not pulvinate, i.e., no swelling at bases of pedicels; Axis ±straight; Pedicels, stiff, ±straight; Spikelets with 1 floret; Glumes, 2, lower, 11 mm., veins 1, upper, 20 mm.; Lemma, 11 mm., smoothly transitioning to awns without twisted column, apex 0.4-0.6 mm. wide, awns, 3, 58 mm., straight.

Determined var. longiseta per length of upper glumes and dimensions of lemma.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Aristida purpurea. Aristida purpurea, Nuttall, 1834.
• Mesa Top Trail, Jefferson County, Colorado: at switchback.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1140, 9 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011400Oview.jpg

Photographed 31 December 2020,

Coll. No. 2442, 28 August 2020, characters observed: Perennial, to 115 cm., tufted, no rhizomes observed; Leaves, sheath, 100 mm., open, ligule, 2.5 mm., membranous, erose, blade, 30 mm. × 5 mm. wide, flat, barely scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 200 mm. × 40 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, delicate; Spikelets, many, 8 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide + awn, similar, borne singly; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, very thin, translucent, lower, 5 mm., veins, #1, tip bifid, upper, 9 mm., =lowest floret, veins, #3, ±parallel, awns, absent; Florets, 2 per spikelet; Callus, straight hairs, 2.3 mm.; Lemma, 8 mm., =glumes, veins, #7, awn, #1, 14 mm., twisted, round, attached near base (2.3/8.0); Palea, 6 mm., membranous, margin, ciliate.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Arrhenatherum elatius.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2442, 28 Aug 2020.

        images/IMGQ5305sm.jpg

©Max Lichter (CC BY-SA). Locality: near Red Rock Crossing, Sedona, Arizona URL: https://serv.biokic.asu.edu/imglib/h_seinet/seinet/Poaceae/Arundo-donax-P-web-9-23-1.jpg Accessed: 10 April 2020. Images are made available on SEINet under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Arundo donax.

        images/20Arudon_MaxLichter.jpg

Scanned 15 Jun 2013.

Coll. No. 812, 8 Apr 2012, characters observed while keying: Annual, to 100 cm; Roots fibrous; Stem herbaceous; Internodes hollow; Leaf blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath open; Blade soft, margins glabrous; Inflorescence many, panicle, > leaves; Spikelets many on 1° and 2° branches, 20-25 mm.; Florets 3 per spikelet; Glumes present, ±equal, veins 9, awns 0; Axis hairy on abaxial side; Callus bearded; Lemma 10-12 mm, rounded, veins >= 5, tip 2-forked, awns 1, attached at middle, 15 + 25 = 40 mm, single bent, twisted below, straightening when wetted; Palea, ±< lemma, glabrous, margins ciliate; Ovary hairy.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Veterans Court, City of Alameda, Alameda County, California: 550 m e. of bridge.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 812.

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Scanned 26 September 2014.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1065.

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Scanned 26 September 2014.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1065.

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Scanned 26 September 2014.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1065.

        images/TAS010650Floret.jpg

Photographed 24 July 2015.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Windy Saddle Park, Jefferson County, Colorado

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bouteloua curtipendula.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1241, 24 Jul 2015.

        images/IMGQ1322sm.jpg

Scanned 20 December 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1241, 24 Jul 2015.

        images/TAS012410Infl.jpg

Photographed 17 January 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3146, 26 Jul 2023.

        images/IMGQ6070sm.jpg

Photographed 20 July 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• “Tilting Mesa Cut-Off,” North Table Mountain Park, Jefferson County, Colorado: at saddle.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1227, 20 Jul 2015.

        images/IMGX1277sm.jpg

Scanned 20 December 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bouteloua gracilis.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1242, 24 Jul 2015.

        images/TAS012420Oview.jpg

Scanned 22 July 2019.

Coll. No. 2167, 21 July 2019, characters observed: Annual grass, 30-40 cm., clumped; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, closed; Ligule, membraneous, ciliate; Blade, 120 mm. × 4 mm. wide, flat, hairy; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, nodding, raceme or few-branched panicle, >leaves; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 16-20 mm. × 8-10 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 18-22 mm.; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, unknown, rachilla seems pretty tough; Glumes, spreading at 45° to rachilla, lower, 5.5 mm., veins, #5, terete, upper, 7.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #9, ±parallel, membraneous, tough, awns, #0; Florets, 10-12 per spikelet, spreading at 45° to rachilla; Lemma, 8 mm., >glumes, ovate, membraneous, rolled, glabrous, tan, veins, #9, not uniformly spaced, ±parallel, margins, scarious, tip acute, awns, #0; Palea, 6 mm., membraneous, ciliate, tip, unknown, color, tan; Stamens, none seen; Achene, 5 mm., brown, fused to lemma and palea.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2167, 21 Jul 2019.

        images/TAS021670SpkltWh.jpg

Scanned 22 July 2019.

Left to right: lower glume, floret showing lemma, achene, and palea, then upper glume, and outside of floret. The main this to see is the number of veins, which I count as nine on the upper glume and the lemma, and that there are not uniformly spaced.

Coll. No. 2167, 21 July 2019, characters observed: Annual grass, 30-40 cm., clumped; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, closed; Ligule, membraneous, ciliate; Blade, 120 mm. × 4 mm. wide, flat, hairy; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, nodding, raceme or few-branched panicle, >leaves; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 16-20 mm. × 8-10 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 18-22 mm.; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, unknown, rachilla seems pretty tough; Glumes, spreading at 45° to rachilla, lower, 5.5 mm., veins, #5, terete, upper, 7.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #9, ±parallel, membraneous, tough, awns, #0; Florets, 10-12 per spikelet, spreading at 45° to rachilla; Lemma, 8 mm., >glumes, ovate, membraneous, rolled, glabrous, tan, veins, #9, not uniformly spaced, ±parallel, margins, scarious, tip acute, awns, #0; Palea, 6 mm., membraneous, ciliate, tip, unknown, color, tan; Stamens, none seen; Achene, 5 mm., brown, fused to lemma and palea.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2167, 21 Jul 2019.

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Photographed 21 July 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2167, 21 Jul 2019.

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Photographed 21 October 2019.

Coll. No. 2090, 26 June 2019, characters observed: Annual/Perennial unknown (planted Spring 2019), height 60-90 cm., clumped; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated, soft; Sheath, 80 mm., closed, generally glabrous, except collar somewhat hairy; Ligule, membraneous, 2 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 140 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, mid-rib prominent; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 180-200 mm. × 40-90 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, minutely scabrous on abaxial side; Spikelets, many (#22-26), 36 mm. × 11 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, between the florets; Glumes, lower, 9.5 mm., veins, #5, distinct, upper, 12 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #7, distinct keeled, membraneous, awns, 0, margins short ciliate; Florets, 6 per spikelet; Rachilla, exposed, scabrous on abaxial side, not extended; Lemma, 13 mm., broad, 2.5 mm. midvein to margin, >glumes,ovate, keeled distally, finely short hairy throughout, veins, #9, glabrous, margins, scarious, tip, entire, awns, #1, 8 mm., straight, attached near tip; Palea, 7 mm., <lemma, keel, ciliate, veins, green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, 3.6 mm., yellow; Ovary, hairy. Keys poorly in most Colorado floras, but quite nicely to B. carinatus var. carinatus in the Jepson Manual, in good part by the length of the lemma awn. Regardless, I think this is very likely a commercial hybrid used in revegetation.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Schweich Hill, Jefferson County, Colorado

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bromus carinatus.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2090, 26 Jun 2019.

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Scanned 21 October 2019.

Coll. No. 2090, 26 June 2019, characters observed: Annual/Perennial unknown (planted Spring 2019), height 60-90 cm., clumped; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated, soft; Sheath, 80 mm., closed, generally glabrous, except collar somewhat hairy; Ligule, membraneous, 2 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 140 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, mid-rib prominent; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 180-200 mm. × 40-90 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, minutely scabrous on abaxial side; Spikelets, many (#22-26), 36 mm. × 11 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, between the florets; Glumes, lower, 9.5 mm., veins, #5, distinct, upper, 12 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #7, distinct keeled, membraneous, awns, 0, margins short ciliate; Florets, 6 per spikelet; Rachilla, exposed, scabrous on abaxial side, not extended; Lemma, 13 mm., broad, 2.5 mm. midvein to margin, >glumes,ovate, keeled distally, finely short hairy throughout, veins, #9, glabrous, margins, scarious, tip, entire, awns, #1, 8 mm., straight, attached near tip; Palea, 7 mm., <lemma, keel, ciliate, veins, green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, 3.6 mm., yellow; Ovary, hairy. Keys poorly in most Colorado floras, but quite nicely to B. carinatus var. carinatus in the Jepson Manual, in good part by the length of the lemma awn. Regardless, I think this is very likely a commercial hybrid used in revegetation.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2090, 26 Jun 2019.

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Scanned 21 October 2019.

Coll. No. 2090, 26 June 2019, characters observed: Annual/Perennial unknown (planted Spring 2019), height 60-90 cm., clumped; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated, soft; Sheath, 80 mm., closed, generally glabrous, except collar somewhat hairy; Ligule, membraneous, 2 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 140 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, mid-rib prominent; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 180-200 mm. × 40-90 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, minutely scabrous on abaxial side; Spikelets, many (#22-26), 36 mm. × 11 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, between the florets; Glumes, lower, 9.5 mm., veins, #5, distinct, upper, 12 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #7, distinct keeled, membraneous, awns, 0, margins short ciliate; Florets, 6 per spikelet; Rachilla, exposed, scabrous on abaxial side, not extended; Lemma, 13 mm., broad, 2.5 mm. midvein to margin, >glumes,ovate, keeled distally, finely short hairy throughout, veins, #9, glabrous, margins, scarious, tip, entire, awns, #1, 8 mm., straight, attached near tip; Palea, 7 mm., <lemma, keel, ciliate, veins, green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, 3.6 mm., yellow; Ovary, hairy. Keys poorly in most Colorado floras, but quite nicely to B. carinatus var. carinatus in the Jepson Manual, in good part by the length of the lemma awn. Regardless, I think this is very likely a commercial hybrid used in revegetation.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2090, 26 Jun 2019.

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Photographed 22 January 2022.

Coll. No. 2638, 5 Aug 2021, characters observed: Perennial grass, 85-90 cm., caespitose; Sheath, closed, basal sheath retrorsely pilose; Ligule, membranous, 1 mm., auricles 0; Blade, 200 mm. × 4 mm. wide, flat, barely scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, open panicle, 90 mm. × 25 mm. wide, 1-3 branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, 10-14, 20 mm. × 6 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels 20-25 mm.; Glumes, lower, 8 mm., veins, 1, somewhat keeled, upper, 9 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 3, keeled, sparsely pilose toward left margin, awns, 0; Florets, 6 per spikelet, #1 is bisexual; Callus, hairs, 0; Lemma, 11.5 mm., body > glumes, lanceolate, membranous, not strongly keeled, veins, 5, tip, entire, awns, 1, 3.8 mm., straight, attached, end, pilose, hairs concentrated proximally and towards the margins, true for upper lemmas; Palea, 10.5 mm., membranous, veins, green, ciliate; Anthers, 1.3 mm.; Achene, 7-8 mm., green, adhering to lemma.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2638, 5 Aug 2021.

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Photographed 20 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1993, 24 Jul 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, 30 cm., clumped; Stem, nodes and internodes hidden by leaf sheaths; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, >50 mm., closed, retrorse sparse long soft hairy, older sheaths persistent at base; Ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, absent; Blade, 82 mm. × 3.6 mm. wide, margin, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 60-70 mm., 1-3 branches per node; Spikelets, #10-25, similar, borne singly, 12-20 mm. × 3-5 mm. wide; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 5.8 mm., veins, #1, upper, 8.5 mm., veins, #3, ±parallel (definitely not strongly convergent); Florets, 6 per spikelet, at least lower bisexual, uppermost florets appear sterile with last floret wrapped inside lemma of penultimate floret; Axis, short hairy abaxially; Lemma, 9.5 mm. >glumes, lanceolate, membranous, short ascending soft hairy, thinning distally, awns, #1, 2.3-3.0 mm., attached near tip; Palea, 7.2 mm., <lemma, membranous, tan-brown, veins, green, ciliate; Stamens, #3. Anthers, 2.8 mm.; Achene, 4.5 mm., green, flattened.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Colorado State Highway 82: at Brumley.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1993, 24 Jul 2018.

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Scanned 8 June 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 826.

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Photographed 10 November 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2843, 6 Jul 2022.

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Scanned 7 September 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Rubey Drive, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at turn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1113, 26 May 2015.
• Glossary: auricle.

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Photographed 17 July 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: smooth brome.
• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: near coll loc west.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1219, 16 Jul 2015.

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Photographed 12 December 2017.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: smooth brome.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1660, 16 Jun 2017.

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Scanned 8 September 2015.

As the inflorescence matures, it will open somewhat, and become lighter colored.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Rubey Drive, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at turn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1113, 26 May 2015.

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Scanned 7 September 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Rubey Drive, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at turn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1113, 26 May 2015.

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Scanned 6 December 2015.

Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015, characters observed: Annual grass, to 40 cm.; Leaves, sheath, 60 mm. closed + 12 mm. open, pilose (but not densely so), ligule, membraneous, + some hairs, blade, hairy; Inflorescence, panicle, >leaves; Pedicel, 20 mm.; Spikelets, 1-3 per panicle branch, 22 mm. × 6 mm. wide, elliptical, drooping; Glumes, #2, <lowest floret, lower, 4.5 mm., veins 3, upper, 5.5 mm., veins 5; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Florets, #12, 2-ranked, closely held hiding rachilla; Disarticulation between florets; Lemma, 8 mm. × 4 mm. wide, margin, hyaline, 0.5 mm., tip bifid, awn, #1, 5-12 mm. long, mid-spikelet awns longest, flattened at base, not twisted, attached near bifid tip.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015.

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Photographed 20 December 2016.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bromus japonicus.
• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: near coll loc.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1461, 27 Jun 2016.

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Photographed 13 July 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015.

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Scanned 6 December 2015.

Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015, characters observed: Annual grass, to 40 cm.; Leaves, sheath, 60 mm. closed + 12 mm. open, pilose (but not densely so), ligule, membraneous, + some hairs, blade, hairy; Inflorescence, panicle, >leaves; Pedicel, 20 mm.; Spikelets, 1-3 per panicle branch, 22 mm. × 6 mm. wide, elliptical, drooping; Glumes, #2, <lowest floret, lower, 4.5 mm., veins 3, upper, 5.5 mm., veins 5; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Florets, #12, 2-ranked, closely held hiding rachilla; Disarticulation between florets; Lemma, 8 mm. × 4 mm. wide, margin, hyaline, 0.5 mm., tip bifid, awn, #1, 5-12 mm. long, mid-spikelet awns longest, flattened at base, not twisted, attached near bifid tip.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015.

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Photographed 23 January 2020.

Coll. No. 2170, 21 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass (short-lived?), 50 cm., clumped; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, glabrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 60-70 mm., closed, long shaggy hair; Ligule, 1.5 mm., membraneous, auricles, absent; Blade, 160 mm. × 5 mm. wide, adaxial scaberulous, tip, acute; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 130 mm. × 60 mm. wide, 2+ branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, #12-13, 23 mm. × 5 mm. wide, similar, borne singly; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, unknown, should be above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 5 mm., veins, #1, keeled, keel scabrous, upper, 6 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #5, keeled; Lemma, 7.5 mm., >glumes, hairy laterally becoming more broadly hairy distally, veins, #5, convergent, awns, #1, 3 mm., straight, barbellate, attached near end; Palea, 9 mm., ±=lemma, membraneous, keel ciliate, veins, lt. green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, #3, 2.3 mm., yellow; Achene, immature.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bromus lanatipes.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2170, 21 Jul 2019.

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Scanned 22 July 2019.

Coll. No. 2170, 21 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass (short-lived?), 50 cm., clumped; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, glabrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 60-70 mm., closed, long shaggy hair; Ligule, 1.5 mm., membraneous, auricles, absent; Blade, 160 mm. × 5 mm. wide, adaxial scaberulous, tip, acute; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 130 mm. × 60 mm. wide, 2+ branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, #12-13, 23 mm. × 5 mm. wide, similar, borne singly; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, unknown, should be above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 5 mm., veins, #1, keeled, keel scabrous, upper, 6 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #5, keeled; Lemma, 7.5 mm., >glumes, hairy laterally becoming more broadly hairy distally, veins, #5, convergent, awns, #1, 3 mm., straight, barbellate, attached near end; Palea, 9 mm., ±=lemma, membraneous, keel ciliate, veins, lt. green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, #3, 2.3 mm., yellow; Achene, immature.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2170, 21 Jul 2019.

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Scanned 19 November 2017.

Coll. No. 1589, 18 April 2017, characters observed: Annual grass, to 25 cm., soft hairy throughout; Sheath (... looks open to me ...) Ligule, membraneous, 4 mm., laciniate; Inflorescence, panicle; Compression, lateral; Spikelets, 1 per node, 27 mm., axis mostly glabrous; Glumes, lower, 7 mm., upper, 9 mm., veins 5, keeled (IMHO); Florets, #4-6; Lemma, 13 mm., veins 3, tip bifid, awn, #1, 9 mm., attached to back; Palea, 9 mm., margin ciliate; Grain, 8 mm., flattened, brown.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Kingston Road - Eastern Mojave Desert: at cherry stem.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1589, 18 Apr 2017.

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Photographed 3 October 2017.

Coll. No. 1570.2, 18 April 2017, charcters observed: Annual grass, to 20 cm.; Inflorescence, 50 mm.; Spikelets, 40 mm., similar; Compression, lateral (looks strongly lateral to me, but this will send you down the wrong path); Glumes, lower, 7 mm., slightly keeled, few hairs, veins, 1, upper, 10 mm., rounded, veins, 3; Florets, 6+; Lemma, 13 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide, veins, 3, tip, bifid, awns, 1, 11 mm., attached to back; Palea, 9 mm., margin sparsely ciliate; Grain, 9 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, flattened.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Excelsior Mine Road - Eastern Mojave Desert: at dirt road.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1570.2, 18 Apr 2017.

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Photographed 21 November 2022.

Coll. No. 2860, 18 July 2022, characters observed: Perennial grass, 45 cm., caespitose; Leaves, sheath, 130 mm., open about ½-way; collar minutely hairy, ligule, 2 mm., blade, 130 mm. × 4 mm. wide, flat, scabrous; Inflorescence, nodding, 1 per culm, panicle; Rachis, ascending hairy, not quite appressed; Spikelets, many, 23 mm. × 2.8 mm. wide, similar, pedicels, 44 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Glumes, soft spreading hairy, lower, 7.5 mm., veins, 3, upper 8.5 mm., < lowest floret, veins, 3, converging, awns, 0, but mid-vein goes strongly right to the tip; Florets, 8 per spikelet; Callus, few short hairs; Lemma, 10.5 mm., > glumes, rolled, hairy. veins, 5, convergent, awns, 1, 1 mm., subterminal, straight; Palea, 9.5 mm., < lemma, membranous, ciliate, tip rounded; Stamens, 3; Anthers, 2.2 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2860, 18 Jul 2022.

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Scanned 27 January 2020.

Coll. No. 2176, 23 Jul 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 70-80 cm., occasionally obscurely rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft, sheath, 90 mm., closed, ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, minimal, blade, 90 mm. × 3 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, margins, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 130 mm. × 30 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelet, many, 26 mm. × 5 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node, pedicels 16-30 mm.; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 6 mm., veins, ≥3, back hairy, upper, 8.5 mm., <lowest floret, veins, ≥3, rounded, membraneous, awns, 0, back hairy, somewhat more dense distally; Florets, 6 per spikelet, bisexual; Lemma, 10 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, rolled, uniformly hairy on back, green, veins, #7, convergent, tip, rounded, awns, #1, 1.5 mm., straight, attached back of lemma, near tip; Palea, 8 mm., <lemma, membraneous, back hairy, keel ciliate, veins, green, margin, glabrous, tip, entire; Anthers, 2.3 mm.; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery; Achene, 3 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2176, 23 Jul 2019.

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Photographed 12 December 2020.

Coll. No. 2362, 20 June 2020, characters observed: Annual grass, to 60 cm.; Leaves, sheath, 85 mm., closed 70 mm., glabrous, ligule, membraneous, erose, blade, 100 mm., adaxially hairy; Inflorescence, open panicle; Spikelets, 17 mm. × 5 mm. wide (excl. awns); Glumes, <lowest floret, lower, 5 mm., veins, #5, upper, 7 mm., veins, #7; Disarticulation, between florets; Callus, glabrous; Lemma, 7.5 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide (broad), rolled (not keeled), veins, #7, converging; Awn, 6 mm., straight, attached back, 1.3 mm. fom apex; Fruit, U-shaped.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2362, 20 Jun 2020.

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Photographed 8 November 2022.

Coll. No. 2841, 2 Jul 2022, characters observed: Annual grass, 22-33 cm.; Leaves, sheath, closed, scantily pilose, ligule, membranous, 1.5 mm., lacerate, auricles, absent, blade, 15 cm., × 1.8 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 14 cm. × 2.5 cm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, #5, 42 mm. × 5 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 25 mm., Compression, lateral; Glumes, lower, 9 mm., upper 13.5 mm., <lowest floret; Florets, 6 per spikelet; Axis, scabrous; Callus, minutely hairy; Lemma, 16.5 mm., >glumes, oddly rolled rather than keeled, mid-vein to margin 0.9-1.1 mm., awn, subterminal, 17.5 mm., straight.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2841, 2 Jul 2022.

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Scanned 6 September 2015.

Coll. No. 1112, 26 May 2015, characters observed: Annual grass, to 30 cm.; Leaves, Sheath, 50 mm., closed proximal ⅔, open distally, Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm.; Blade, 60 mm.; Inflorescence, open panicle, rachis and pedicels short hairy, Spikelets, 1 per node, 15 mm., laterally compressed; Glumes, 2, sparsely hairy, margins scarious, lower, 2.3 mm., veins indistinct, upper, 4.5 mm. Callus, glabrous, very short, Florets, ±6, Lemma, 6.5 mm., 0.7  from mid-vein to margin, back rounded, sparsely hairy, tip, forked, teeth 1 mm., awned from near tip, awn, 5-7 mm.; Anthers, 3, 0.4 mm. Dimensions are small for B. tectorum, perhaps because of the early date of collection.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Bromus tectorum.
• Rubey Drive, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at turn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1112, 26 May 2015.

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Scanned 16 Jun 2013.

I had keyed this out at B. carinatus, but it has since been annotated as B. tectorum.

Coll. No. 825, 30 May 2012, characters observed while keying: Perennial, to 40 cm.; Roots fibrous; Stem herbaceous; Internodes hollow; Leaf blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath closed; Ligule membraneous, 2 mm.; Blade flat, to 4 mm wide, short hairy, margin sparse wavy hairy; Inflorescence 3-many, 10-12 cm., panicle, branching evident, longest branch 25 mm., > leaves, spikelets many; Compression lateral; Spikelets similar, 1 / node, 1° and 2° branches, length 30-35 mm., 5-6 florets; Florets 2+ bisexual; Glumes lower 7 mm., upper 10 mm., margins thin translucent, upper glume has 3 prominent veins (keeled), awns 0; Lemma, lower 12 mm., keeled, veins = 3 or 7, outer 2 appear doubled, tip 2-forked, awns 1, 13 mm, straight, attached to back at 9 mm.; Palea, 8 mm, < lemma, keel hairy, margin ciliate; Anthers 3, 0.7 mm., brown; Ovary 5 mm., glabrous below, hairy near tip.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 1N02 "Sagehen Meadows Road," Mono County, California: at Sagehen Mdw.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 825, 31 May 2012.

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Scanned 12 August 2018.

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Scanned 12 August 2018.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Buchloe dactyloides.

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Scanned 12 August 2018.

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Scanned 16 December 2017.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Buchloe dactyloides.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1673, 16 Jun 2017.

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Scanned 16 December 2017.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1673, 16 Jun 2017.

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Photographed 9 February 2022.

Coll. No. 2700, 17 August 2021, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 90 cm., rhizomes unknown; Leaves, sheath, 90 mm., open, ligule, membranous, 3-5 mm., collar, minutely hairy, blade, 150 mm. × 6.5 mm. wide, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, 135 mm. × 25 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 3 mm. × 1 mm. wide, similar, borne singly; Compression, ±lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., veins, 1, scabrous, purple to brown, upper, 3.0 mm., >lowest floret, scabrous, veins, 3, rounded, purple to brown; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Callus, straight white hairs, 2.5 mm.; Lemma, 2.5-3.0 mm., body < glumes, tip, 2-forked, awns, 1, 2.5 mm., straight, attached middle, included; Palea, 2 mm., <lemma, membranous.

Compare this collection to my Coll. No. 2011 (KHD, OBI, UCR), which was collected in earlier in the season of 2018 about 700 m. southeast of this collection. It was determined C. stricta at the time, but is very similar to this one. Perhaps, it is also C. canadensis. Per SEINet, there are six collections of Calamagrostis within 15 km. of my two collections; four of C. canadensis and two of C. stricta.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2700, 17 Aug 2021.

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Photographed 21 December 2023.

Coll. No. 3041, 3 July 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 40 cm., no rhizomes seen; Leaves, sheath, 12 cm., open, ligule, membranous, 4 mm., auricles, 0, blade, 15 cm. × 3 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, also adaxially densely and minutely hairy between the ribs; Inflorescence, <leaves, 1 per culm, panicle, 110 mm. × 12 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended; Spikelets, many, 8 mm. × 1 mm. wide, similar; Glumes, lower, 6 mm., veins, 1, upper, 5 mm., > lowest floret, veins, 1 (3?), keeled, awns, 0; Florets, 1^* per spikelet; ^*Rachilla, extended beyond upper floret as though there could be another floret up there, hairy; Callus, short straight white hairs; Lemma, 4 mm., < glumes, green, veins, 5, glabrous, tip, toothed, awns, 1, 7 mm., bent, attached, near base of lemma; Palea, 4 mm., < lemma, membranous; Achene, 1.7 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3041, 3 Jul 2023.

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Photographed 27 January 2019.

Coll. No. 2011, 25 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, 90-100 cm., rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, 120 mm., open, minutely scabrous; ligule, membranous, 4 mm., auricles, absent, collar, minutely hairy; blade, 160 mm. × 3.2 mm. wide, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, contracted panicle, 150 mm. × 15 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 3.8 mm. × 0.8 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node; Compression, ±lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.8 mm., veins, #1, upper, 3.2 mm., >lowest floret, veins, #3, keeled proximally, keels scabrous, awns, #0; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Callus, straight white hairs, 2.5 mm., ≤lemma; Lemma, 3 mm., <glumes, tip, 2-forked; awns, #1, 2.5 mm., straight, attached below middle; Palea, 1.9 mm., <lemma, membranous.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 131, Pike -San Isabel National Forest, Lake County, Colorado: at coll. loc.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2011, 25 Jul 2018.

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Scanned 23 December 2020.

Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, 1 m., thick scaly rhizomes; Nodes, hidden by sheath; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, >75 mm., open, glabrous to long straight hairs distally; Ligule, hairs, 1.5 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 350 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 180 mm. × 15 mm. wide, 3-4 branches; Rachis, glabrous, not extended; Spikelets, many, 5.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, borne singly, subtended by few long silky hairs; Compression, lateral. Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., keeled, veins, #1, upper, 5 mm., < lowest floret, veins, #1, keeled, awns, absent; Callus, straight silky hairs, 3 mm.; Lemma, 5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, keeled, glabrous, scarious, veins, #1, forming a tiny awn tip, awns, absent; Palea, 4.8 mm., <lemma, colorless, glabrous; Stamens, #2; Anthers, 3.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020.

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Scanned 23 December 2020.

Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, 1 m., thick scaly rhizomes; Nodes, hidden by sheath; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, >75 mm., open, glabrous to long straight hairs distally; Ligule, hairs, 1.5 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 350 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 180 mm. × 15 mm. wide, 3-4 branches; Rachis, glabrous, not extended; Spikelets, many, 5.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, borne singly, subtended by few long silky hairs; Compression, lateral. Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., keeled, veins, #1, upper, 5 mm., < lowest floret, veins, #1, keeled, awns, absent; Callus, straight silky hairs, 3 mm.; Lemma, 5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, keeled, glabrous, scarious, veins, #1, forming a tiny awn tip, awns, absent; Palea, 4.8 mm., <lemma, colorless, glabrous; Stamens, #2; Anthers, 3.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Calamovilfa longifolia.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020.

        images/IMGQ5286sm.jpg

Scanned 23 December 2020.

Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, 1 m., thick scaly rhizomes; Nodes, hidden by sheath; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, >75 mm., open, glabrous to long straight hairs distally; Ligule, hairs, 1.5 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 350 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 180 mm. × 15 mm. wide, 3-4 branches; Rachis, glabrous, not extended; Spikelets, many, 5.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, borne singly, subtended by few long silky hairs; Compression, lateral. Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., keeled, veins, #1, upper, 5 mm., < lowest floret, veins, #1, keeled, awns, absent; Callus, straight silky hairs, 3 mm.; Lemma, 5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, keeled, glabrous, scarious, veins, #1, forming a tiny awn tip, awns, absent; Palea, 4.8 mm., <lemma, colorless, glabrous; Stamens, #2; Anthers, 3.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Calamovilfa longifolia.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020.

        images/TAS023970Spklt.jpg

Long silky hairs on the callus.

Scanned 23 December 2020.

Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, 1 m., thick scaly rhizomes; Nodes, hidden by sheath; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, >75 mm., open, glabrous to long straight hairs distally; Ligule, hairs, 1.5 mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 350 mm. × 7 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 180 mm. × 15 mm. wide, 3-4 branches; Rachis, glabrous, not extended; Spikelets, many, 5.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, borne singly, subtended by few long silky hairs; Compression, lateral. Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., keeled, veins, #1, upper, 5 mm., < lowest floret, veins, #1, keeled, awns, absent; Callus, straight silky hairs, 3 mm.; Lemma, 5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, keeled, glabrous, scarious, veins, #1, forming a tiny awn tip, awns, absent; Palea, 4.8 mm., <lemma, colorless, glabrous; Stamens, #2; Anthers, 3.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Calamovilfa longifolia.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2397, 29 Jul 2020.

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Photographed 22 December 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2907, 18 Aug 2022.

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Photographed 22 December 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2907, 18 Aug 2022.

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Photographed 1 February 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3206.5, 7 Sep 2023.

        images/IMGQ6098sm.jpg

Photographed 13 July 2013.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Jean Sweeney Open Space Preserve, Alameda County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 201307130010.

        images/IMG_1535sm.jpg

Photographed 16 July 2013.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Jean Sweeney Open Space Preserve, Alameda County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 997.

        images/IMG_1541sm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=7862250&clid=0 Accessed 24 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Dactylis glomerata.

        images/20Dacglo_Schweich1111.jpg

Scanned 6 December 2016.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1418, 10 Jun 2016.

        images/TAS014180Infl.jpg

Scanned 3 September 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Rubey Drive, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at turn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1111, 26 May 2015.

        images/TAS011110Infl.jpg

Photographed 15 May 2012.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Bay Farm Island, City of Alameda, Alameda County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Bay Farm Shoreline Path, Alameda, Alameda County, CA: 120 m w..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 815, 8 May 2012.

        images/IMG30145sm.jpg

Photographed 7 December 2021.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Colorado, Pike-San Isabel Forest, Forest Road 435: 61000.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2578, 12 Jul 2021.

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Photographed 29 November 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2873.2, 19 Jul 2022.

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Photographed 7 January 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3102.1, 18 Jul 2023.

        images/IMGQ6035sm.jpg

Photographed 18 July 2023.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3102, 18 Jul 2023. Coll. No. 3102.1, 18 Jul 2023.

        images/20230718_092521sm.jpg

Photographed 19 January 2024.

Coll. No. 3152, 26 July 2023, characters observed: Panicle erect to ascending (spreading); Spikelets, 14-16 mm., 5+ florets; Glumes, 16 mm., ±equal, >lemma; Lemma, 13 mm., tip, deeply bifid, awn, #1, 13 mm., attached back, hairy on margins, veins, and some areas of back, but most of back is glabrous; Anthers, 3.2 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3152, 26 Jul 2023.

        images/IMGQ6072sm.jpg

Photographed 16 July 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2162, 16 Jul 2019.

        images/20190716_102635sm.jpg

Photographed 16 July 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2162, 16 Jul 2019.

        images/20190716_101908sm.jpg

Scanned 16 July 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Danthonia spicata.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2162, 16 Jul 2019.

        images/TAS021620Spk.jpg

Scanned 16 July 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2162, 16 Jul 2019.

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Photographed 19 January 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2624, 20 Jul 2021.

        images/IMGQ5548sm.jpg

Scanned 8 June 2012.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Pinto Mountain, San Bernardino County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Cedar Canyon Road - Mojave National Preserve: Pinto Mountain.
• Field Notes: 1 May 2012.

        images/TAS000480Oview.jpg

Scanned 18 February 2013.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Sulphur Pond, Mono County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 839, 20 Jun 2013.

        images/TAS008390Oview.jpg

Scanned 20 Jan 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Goat Ranch Cutoff, Mono County, California: at Hector Stn.
• Field Notes: 19 Jun 2011, Coll. No. 765..
• Notes to accompany the Checklist Flora of the Mono Lake basin.: July 15th.

        images/TAS007650Oview.jpg

Scanned 10 July 2013.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Bay Farm Shoreline Path, Alameda, Alameda County, CA: near Veterans Ct..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 879.

        images/TAS008790Oview.jpg

Photographed 23 December 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2913, 8 Sep 2022.

        images/IMGQ5784sm.jpg

Photographed 6 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1061, 28 Aug 2014, characters observed: Annual grass, to 80 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Blades, soft; Sheath, open; Ligule, absent Blade, flat, glabrous, margins scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per stem, to 8 cm., 5-8 branches, branches 15-45 mm.; Rachis, winged; Spikelets, similar, borne singly, 3 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, margins, short hairy; Glumes, lower absent, upper, 1.0-1.5 mm., margin barely ciliate; Lemma, 3 mm., >. glumes, ovate, margin hairy, tip, acute, not withering, not differentiated from the body, awn 0-1.8 mm., sterile lemma hairs slightly pustulate; Fruit, greenish-yellow.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Canyon Point Circle, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at t. h..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1061.

        images/IMGQ0737sm.jpg

Photographed 6 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1061, 28 Aug 2014, characters observed: Annual grass, to 80 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Blades, soft; Sheath, open; Ligule, absent Blade, flat, glabrous, margins scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per stem, to 8 cm., 5-8 branches, branches 15-45 mm.; Rachis, winged; Spikelets, similar, borne singly, 3 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, margins, short hairy; Glumes, lower absent, upper, 1.0-1.5 mm., margin barely ciliate; Lemma, 3 mm., >. glumes, ovate, margin hairy, tip, acute, not withering, not differentiated from the body, awn 0-1.8 mm., sterile lemma hairs slightly pustulate; Fruit, greenish-yellow.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Canyon Point Circle, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at t. h..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1061.

        images/IMGQ0744sm.jpg

Photographed 6 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1061, 28 Aug 2014, characters observed: Annual grass, to 80 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Blades, soft; Sheath, open; Ligule, absent Blade, flat, glabrous, margins scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per stem, to 8 cm., 5-8 branches, branches 15-45 mm.; Rachis, winged; Spikelets, similar, borne singly, 3 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, margins, short hairy; Glumes, lower absent, upper, 1.0-1.5 mm., margin barely ciliate; Lemma, 3 mm., >. glumes, ovate, margin hairy, tip, acute, not withering, not differentiated from the body, awn 0-1.8 mm., sterile lemma hairs slightly pustulate; Fruit, greenish-yellow.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Canyon Point Circle, Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado: at t. h..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1061.

        images/IMGQ0740sm.jpg

Photographed 20 January 2016.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Echinochloa muricata microstachya.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1296, 9 Sep 2015.

        images/IMGQ1909sm.jpg

Photographed 29 December 2017.

Coll. No. 1699, 7 Jul 2017, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 75 cm., non-rhizomatous; Culm, cauline nodes hidden by sheath; Inflorescence, 200 mm. × 15 mm. wide, ±erect to curved; Rachis, mostly glabrous, internodes, 5 mm.; Spikelets, 2 per node, sessile; Glumes, #2, 21-24 mm., indistinct body 8 mm + awn 14 mm., nearly subulate, flattened and slightly broadened above base; Lemma, body 10 mm. + awn 35 mm., curving.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Elymus canadensis.
• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: near coll loc west.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1699, 7 Jul 2017.

        images/IMGQ4510sm.jpg

Scanned 17 December 2015.

Coll. No. 1237, 20 Jul 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1.2 m.; Inflorescence, terminal spike, 20 cm. × 5 mm. wide, drooping; Spikelets, sessile, 2 per node, 15 mm. × 5 mm. wide (excluding awns), ascending; Glumes, #2, body 10 mm. × 1 mm. wide + awn 15 mm. = 25 mm., veins 5?, entire, scabrous; Florets, #5, bisexual; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Lemma, 13 mm., veins 5, rounded, hairy, awns, #1, 22 mm.; Palea, 9.5 mm.; Stamens, #3, 4 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Mesa Top Trail, Jefferson County, Colorado: in sm cyn.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1237, 20 Jul 2015.

        images/TAS012370Infls.jpg

Scanned 17 December 2015.

Coll. No. 1237, 20 Jul 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1.2 m.; Inflorescence, terminal spike, 20 cm. × 5 mm. wide, drooping; Spikelets, sessile, 2 per node, 15 mm. × 5 mm. wide (excluding awns), ascending; Glumes, #2, body 10 mm. × 1 mm. wide + awn 15 mm. = 25 mm., veins 5?, entire, scabrous; Florets, #5, bisexual; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Lemma, 13 mm., veins 5, rounded, hairy, awns, #1, 22 mm.; Palea, 9.5 mm.; Stamens, #3, 4 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1237, 20 Jul 2015.

        images/TAS012370Spklt.jpg

Photographed 24 June 2015.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Mono Lake, north shore (as a collection locality), Mono County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 03N09 “No. Mono Gravel Pit,” Inyo National Forest, Mono County, California: at end.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1169, 24 Jun 2015.

        images/IMGQ1125sm.jpg

Photograph taken 26-Jun-07.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 20070626260.

        images/IMG_1793sm.jpg

The grid spacing is 1/4 inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 20070626260.

        images/TAS004760oview.jpg

Scanned 2 November 2015.

Coll. No. 1169, 24 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial bunch grass, to 1 m., of high-altitude desert, caespitose (non-rhizomatous); Nodes, (densely?) pubescent; Leaf, short hairy throughout, sheath, 22 cm., open, ligule, 3 mm., auricles, ? (I don't see any), blade, 32 cm., flat; Inflorescence, 15 cm. × 15 mm., 2-ranked, not branched; Rachis (axis), short hairy, assumed to remain intact with age (not disarticulating at flowering or after drying), internodes, 6 mm.; Spikelets, many, all similar, 2 per node, sessile, 20 mm., bisexual; Compression, lateral; Glumes, #2, awn-like, ±equal, 12-13 mm.; Lemma, 10 mm., awn 1 mm.; Palea, 10 mm.; Anthers, 6.7&mnsp;mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1169, 24 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011690Node.jpg

Scanned 2 November 2015.

Coll. No. 1169, 24 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial bunch grass, to 1 m., of high-altitude desert, caespitose (non-rhizomatous); Nodes, (densely?) pubescent; Leaf, short hairy throughout, sheath, 22 cm., open, ligule, 3 mm., auricles, ? (I don't see any), blade, 32 cm., flat; Inflorescence, 15 cm. × 15 mm., 2-ranked, not branched; Rachis (axis), short hairy, assumed to remain intact with age (not disarticulating at flowering or after drying), internodes, 6 mm.; Spikelets, many, all similar, 2 per node, sessile, 20 mm., bisexual; Compression, lateral; Glumes, #2, awn-like, ±equal, 12-13 mm.; Lemma, 10 mm., awn 1 mm.; Palea, 10 mm.; Anthers, 6.7&mnsp;mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1169, 24 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011690Infl.jpg

Photographed 31 December 2017.

Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, Colorado. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 395 meters west into open prairie. 39.8853°N, 105.2669°W. WGS 1984 Elev. 1984 m.

Coll. No. 1717, 28 July 2017, characters observed: Perennial grass to 50 cm., clumped; Inflorescence, bilateral spike; Rachis, internodes, 6.4 mm., breaking apart when mature; Spikelets, 2 per node; Glumes, #2, subulate, 62-65 mm.; Florets, #3, lowest 2 fertile, upper sterile; Lemma, 10 mm. + awn 50 mm., veins, #5, converging; Palea, 9 mm., 1 of 2 veins slightly extended as bristle. Variety brevifolius if infraspecific names are to be applied.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Elymus elymoides.
• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: at old ranch rd.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1717, 28 Jul 2017.

        images/IMGQ4518sm.jpg

Photographed 26 February 2015.

Coll. No. 989, 20 July 2013, characters observed while keying: Perennial, to 30 cm., clumped, rhizomed; Roots, fibrous; Rhizomes, fibrous, appearing much like roots; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, hollow; Leaf blades and sheath differentiated, soft; Inflorescence, spike (unbranched central axis), spikelets many; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, infl. axis below glumes; Spikelets, similar, 2-ranked, 2 per node, sessile; Florets, 2+ per spikelet; Glumes, 2, reduced to awns, 45 mm., upper and lower ±equal, entire; Lemma, glabrous, awns 1, 40 mm., straight to bent in maturity/dryness; Palea, veins extended as short bristles.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Railroad Sand Flat, Mono County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Inyo Forest Road 01S91 “Old Stationhouse Road,” Mono County, California: at wash.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 989.

        images/IMG40886sm.jpg

Scanned 28 October 2015.

Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial tufted grass to 30 cm.; Leaves, hairy throughout, sheath, 8-9 cm., hairy abaxial, ligule, membraneous, <1 mm., auricle,0, blade, 11 cm., rolled, hairy both sides; Inflorescence, 10-11 cm., internodes 5 mm., disarticulating at axis; Spikelets, 2-ranked, sessile, 2 per node, not embedded in pits; Glumes, 50-55 mm., spreading, some with 2-3 awn-like divisions; Lemma, awns ±=glume awns.

Article records that use this photograph:

• "120 Cutoff," Inyo Forest Road 1S06, Mono County, California: at water tank.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015.

        images/IMGQ1821sm.jpg

Scanned 28 October 2015.

Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial tufted grass to 30 cm.; Leaves, hairy throughout, sheath, 8-9 cm., hairy abaxial, ligule, membraneous, <1 mm., auricle,0, blade, 11 cm., rolled, hairy both sides; Inflorescence, 10-11 cm., internodes 5 mm., disarticulating at axis; Spikelets, 2-ranked, sessile, 2 per node, not embedded in pits; Glumes, 50-55 mm., spreading, some with 2-3 awn-like divisions; Lemma, awns ±=glume awns.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011540Infl.jpg

Scanned 28 October 2015.

The things to see here are that the spikelets are two-ranked, two per node, and that the glumes are awn-like and split into 2-3 parts.

Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial tufted grass to 30 cm.; Leaves, hairy throughout, sheath, 8-9 cm., hairy abaxial, ligule, membraneous, <1 mm., auricle,0, blade, 11 cm., rolled, hairy both sides; Inflorescence, 10-11 cm., internodes 5 mm., disarticulating at axis; Spikelets, 2-ranked, sessile, 2 per node, not embedded in pits; Glumes, 50-55 mm., spreading, some with 2-3 awn-like divisions; Lemma, awns ±=glume awns.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1154, 22 Jun 2015.

        images/TAS011540SpCl.jpg

Photographed 23 October 2022.

Coll. No, 2825, 2 July 2022, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 85 cm., not rhizomatous; Cauline nodes visible; Sheath open; Ligule membraneous, 1 mm.; Auricles absent; Blade 250 mm. × 13 mm. wide, flat, lax; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, two-sided spike, straight or slightly curved but not drooping; Spikelets, 2 per node, sessile; Disarticulation between the florets; Glumes, lower, 10 mm. + awn 2-4 mm., veins 1, upper 12 mm. + awn 2-4 mm., ±= lowest floret, veins 5; Florets, 3 per spikelet; Lemma, 10 mm., awns 1, 16 mm., slightly curved; Palea, 9 mm., <lemma, tip bifid.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2825, 2 Jul 2022.

        images/IMGQ5711sm.jpg

Scanned 31 October 2019.

Coll. No. 2105, 30 June 2019, characters observed: Perennial, to 65 cm., rhizomatous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, 95 mm., open, pilose distally; Ligule, membraneous, 0.5 mm., auricles, 2 mm.; Blade, 190 mm. × 3 mm. wide, involute, veins prominent and pilose adaxially; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, bilateral spike rachis internodes 5.0-5.5(8.0) mm.; Spikelets, many, 19 mm. × 6 mm. wide, 3.5-3.8(2.4) × internode, closely spaced, reaching midlength of that above, similar, 1(2) per node, stalked, pedicels, 1 mm.; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, between the florets; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., narrowly lanceolate (not subulate), veins, #5, upper, 11.5 mm., ≤lowest floret, widest at middle, veins, #7-9, keeled, sparsely hairy throughout, awn-tipped; Florets, 7 per spikelet, bisexual; Lemma, 9.5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, rolled, pilose, veins, #7, tip, entire, awns, #1, 2 mm., or possible merely awn-tipped; Palea, 8.5 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, veins, green, margin, glabrous, tip, bifid; Anthers, #3, 4.7 mm., yellow; Stigma, feathery; Achene, unknown.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2105, 30 Jun 2019.

        images/TAS021050Infl.jpg

Scanned 7 June 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 20040526140.
• Coyote Road: Coyote Summit.

        images/TAS004230Infl.jpg

Photographed 8 November 2022.

Coll. No. 2842, 4 July 2022, characters observed: Perennial grass, 60-130 cm., rhizomatous; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, hollow, glabrous; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated Sheath, 120 mm., open, margin not ciliate; Ligule, membraneous, 0.4  mm.; Auricles, absent; Blade, 150 mm. × 8.5-9.0 mm. wide, not lax, involute, distal adaxial surface sparsely pilose over veins; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, 2-sided spike, 130-150 mm. × 9 mm. wide, Rachis, not extended, glaucus, scabrous on sides; Spikelets, many, 18-22 mm. × 6 mm. wide, overlapping 10 mm., similar, 1 per node, sessile; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., veins, #5, bases, terete, upper, 12 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 6(!, probably 7), rounded, membraneous, awns, 0; Florets, 8 per spikelet, at least first 4 bisexual; Rachilla, hairy, not extended; Lemma, 10.5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, rolled to barely keeled distally, glabrous to barely scabrous distally, green, veins, #7, awn-like tip, ±1 mm., straight; Palea, 9 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, veins, green; Anthers, 5.3-5.7 mm.; Stigma, feathery; Achene, unknown;

Location records that use this photograph:

• 407 Garden Street, Jefferson County, Colorado

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2842, 4 Jul 2022.

        images/IMGQ5726sm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3040883&clid=0 Accessed 11 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain)

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Elymus repens.

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Scanned 16 January 2017.

North Table Mountain, Jefferson County, Colorado. Lower south slopes of North Table Mountain, above Peery Parkway, 250 m. south of the USBR monument “North Table,”1.25 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. 39.7669°N, 105.22°W. WGS 1984 Elev. 1835 m. Small wetland where the North Table Mountain Trail crosses a watercourse below a near-perennial spring that is higher on the south slope of the mesa.

Coll. No. 1528, 5 August 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1 m., generally glabrous except as noted; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, auricles, small, 1 mm., blade, 25 mm. Inflorescence, bi-lateral spike; Spikelets, mostly 1 per node, about 1/3 have 2 per node, 21 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, compression, lateral; Disarticulation, between the florets; Glumes, #2, ±equal, 11 mm. + awns 2 mm., not quite straight, thick, tough, not keeled, veins, 5, prominent, margins, widest at middle, Florets, #8, Lemma, 9 mm. + awn 3 mm, longitudinally symetric; Palea, 9 mm., tip, bifid, veins, ciliate; Anthers, 3 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Social Trail, North Table Mountain, Jefferson County, Colorado: at spring.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1528, 5 Aug 2016.

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Photographed 24 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1999, 24 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, 60 mm., clumped; Leaves, sheath, 85-115 mm., open, glabrous, margin of sheath glabrous, ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, 0.5-1.0 mm., blade, 52-115 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, flat to revolute, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, 120 mm. × 8 mm. wide, panicle, single spikelets on alternating sides of rachis; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins, internodes, 3.2-3.5 mm.; Spikelets, many, 12 mm. × 2 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node, sessile, overlapping 5 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 8 mm., veins, #5, upper, 9 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #7-9; Florets, 3 per spikelet; Lemma, 10 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, rolled, scabrous, green, veins, #5, margins, scarious, tip, sharp-pointed, if an awn then 1 mm.; Palea, 7.5 mm., <lemma, membranous, keels, green and ciliate; Anthers, 1.0-1.3 mm.; Achene, 4.3 mm., green, hairy on blunt tip.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Elymus trachycaulus.
• Colorado State Highway 82: at Brumley.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1999, 24 Jul 2018.

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Scanned 24 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1999, 24 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, 60 mm., clumped; Leaves, sheath, 85-115 mm., open, glabrous, margin of sheath glabrous, ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, 0.5-1.0 mm., blade, 52-115 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, flat to revolute, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, 120 mm. × 8 mm. wide, panicle, single spikelets on alternating sides of rachis; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins, internodes, 3.2-3.5 mm.; Spikelets, many, 12 mm. × 2 mm. wide, similar, 1 per node, sessile, overlapping 5 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 8 mm., veins, #5, upper, 9 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #7-9; Florets, 3 per spikelet; Lemma, 10 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, rolled, scabrous, green, veins, #5, margins, scarious, tip, sharp-pointed, if an awn then 1 mm.; Palea, 7.5 mm., <lemma, membranous, keels, green and ciliate; Anthers, 1.0-1.3 mm.; Achene, 4.3 mm., green, hairy on blunt tip.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1999, 24 Jul 2018.

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Scanned 31 January 2020.

Coll. No. 2187, 23 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., not rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 16 cm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, 20 cm., rolled, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, bi-lateral spike, 140 mm. × 5 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins; Spikelets, many, #20-24, 14 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, sessile; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., veins, #5, rounded, some veins scabrous, upper, 11.5 mm., =lowest floret, veins, #5, rounded, membraneous, some veins scabrous, awns, #0, margins chartaceous, if the lemma awn is excluded, glumes > adjacent lemma, nearly as long as spikelet; Florets, 4+ per spikelet, fertile florets, #4, bisexual; Axis, not extended, green; Lemma, 9.5 mm., <glumes, lanceolate, membraneous, rolled, proximal glabrous, distal scabrous, color, green, veins, ≥5, margins scarious, tip bifid, awns, #1, 1.5 mm., straight, attached, end; Palea, 8 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, margin glabrous, tip, laciniate; Anthers, 1.8 mm., tan; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery; Achene, 3.7 mm., green.

Coll. No. 2187, 23 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., not rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 16 cm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, 20 cm., rolled, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, bi-lateral spike, 140 mm. × 5 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins; Spikelets, many, #20-24, 14 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, sessile; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., veins, #5, rounded, some veins scabrous, upper, 11.5 mm., =lowest floret, veins, #5, rounded, membraneous, some veins scabrous, awns, #0, margins chartaceous, if the lemma awn is excluded, glumes > adjacent lemma, nearly as long as spikelet; Florets, 4+ per spikelet, fertile florets, #4, bisexual; Axis, not extended, green; Lemma, 9.5 mm., <glumes, lanceolate, membraneous, rolled, proximal glabrous, distal scabrous, color, green, veins, ≥5, margins scarious, tip bifid, awns, #1, 1.5 mm., straight, attached, end; Palea, 8 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, margin glabrous, tip, laciniate; Anthers, 1.8 mm., tan; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery; Achene, 3.7 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2187, 23 Jul 2019.

        images/TAS021870Infl.jpg

Scanned 31 January 2020.

Coll. No. 2187, 23 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., not rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 16 cm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, 20 cm., rolled, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, bi-lateral spike, 140 mm. × 5 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins; Spikelets, many, #20-24, 14 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, sessile; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., veins, #5, rounded, some veins scabrous, upper, 11.5 mm., =lowest floret, veins, #5, rounded, membraneous, some veins scabrous, awns, #0, margins chartaceous, if the lemma awn is excluded, glumes > adjacent lemma, nearly as long as spikelet; Florets, 4+ per spikelet, fertile florets, #4, bisexual; Axis, not extended, green; Lemma, 9.5 mm., <glumes, lanceolate, membraneous, rolled, proximal glabrous, distal scabrous, color, green, veins, ≥5, margins scarious, tip bifid, awns, #1, 1.5 mm., straight, attached, end; Palea, 8 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, margin glabrous, tip, laciniate; Anthers, 1.8 mm., tan; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery; Achene, 3.7 mm., green.

Coll. No. 2187, 23 July 2019, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., not rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 16 cm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, 20 cm., rolled, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, bi-lateral spike, 140 mm. × 5 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins; Spikelets, many, #20-24, 14 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, sessile; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets; Glumes, lower, 11 mm., veins, #5, rounded, some veins scabrous, upper, 11.5 mm., =lowest floret, veins, #5, rounded, membraneous, some veins scabrous, awns, #0, margins chartaceous, if the lemma awn is excluded, glumes > adjacent lemma, nearly as long as spikelet; Florets, 4+ per spikelet, fertile florets, #4, bisexual; Axis, not extended, green; Lemma, 9.5 mm., <glumes, lanceolate, membraneous, rolled, proximal glabrous, distal scabrous, color, green, veins, ≥5, margins scarious, tip bifid, awns, #1, 1.5 mm., straight, attached, end; Palea, 8 mm., <lemma, membraneous, keel, ciliate, margin glabrous, tip, laciniate; Anthers, 1.8 mm., tan; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery; Achene, 3.7 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2187, 23 Jul 2019.

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Photographed 6 January 2017,.

Coll. No 1499, 13 Jul 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., tufted, not strongly rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 0.5 mm., auricles, 1 mm., thin, blade, 12-15 cm., flat to involute; Inflorescence, 2-sided spike Rachis, internodes, 6 mm., scabrous on margins; Spikelets, 1 per node, 17 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, laterally compressed, appear to be positioned edge-wise to rachis, but this may be a feature of pressing/drying; Florets, 7+ per spikelet; Glumes, #2, ±equal, 8 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide, rounded, veins, #5; Lemma, 9 mm., rounded, veins, #7, glabrous; Palea, ±=lemma; Anthers, 4 mm.

Ackerfield (2015) and Baldwin (2012) lead equivocally to E. trachycaulus, whereas Shaw (2008) and Weber & Wittmann (2012) are more suggestive of E. lanceolatus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• “Tilting Mesa Cut-Off,” North Table Mountain Park, Jefferson County, Colorado: near pond.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1499, 12 Jul 2016.

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Scanned 6 January 2017,.

Coll. No 1499, 13 Jul 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 80 cm., tufted, not strongly rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 0.5 mm., auricles, 1 mm., thin, blade, 12-15 cm., flat to involute; Inflorescence, 2-sided spike Rachis, internodes, 6 mm., scabrous on margins; Spikelets, 1 per node, 17 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, laterally compressed, appear to be positioned edge-wise to rachis, but this may be a feature of pressing/drying; Florets, 7+ per spikelet; Glumes, #2, ±equal, 8 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide, rounded, veins, #5; Lemma, 9 mm., rounded, veins, #7, glabrous; Palea, ±=lemma; Anthers, 4 mm.

Ackerfield (2015) and Baldwin (2012) lead equivocally to E. trachycaulus, whereas Shaw (2008) and Weber & Wittmann (2012) are more suggestive of E. lanceolatus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1499, 12 Jul 2016.

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Scanned 24 January 2017.

Golden, Jefferson County, Colorado. Parkway at 420 Arapahoe Street. 39.7613°N, 105.2286°W. WGS 1984 Elev. 1755 m. Adventive grass in garden; perhaps introduced with seed of Sorghastrum nutans.

Coll. No. 1561, 4 Sep 2016, characters observed: Annual or perennial unknown (s/b perennial); Rhizomes unknown (s/b absent); Culm, erect, dark purple below; Inflorescence, terminal, spike, bilateral, exserted above leafy portion of plant; Disarticulation unknown (s/b rachis not disarticulating, in Elymus the rachis generally remains articulate); Spikelets, in pairs at each node; Glumes, #2, held away from florets, body 10 mm. + awn 4-5 mm. = 14-15 mm., veins 5 (2 ±obscure) at midlength, awn single (not split); Florets, #4-5, fertile; Lemma, lowest (adjacent to glume), body 7 mm. + awn 7 mm. = 14 mm., body, veins, 5 (2 ±obscure), awn straight;

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Elymus virginicus L..
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1561, 3 Sep 2016.

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Photographed 22 December 2022.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2909, 18 Aug 2022.

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© University of Colorado Museum Herbarium "COLO" URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=13807078&clid=0. Accessed: 26 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC BY-NC (Attribution-Non-Commercial).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Eragrostis cilianensis.
• Quaker Street, Golden, Colorado: 49300.

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Photographed 30 September 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Obs. 1625, 30 Sep 2019.

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Exported from ArcMap 2 October 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Obs. 1625, 30 Sep 2019.

        images/Obs1625-6Locn.jpg

Scanned 1 October 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Obs. 1625, 30 Sep 2019.

        images/Obs016250Lemma.jpg

Scanned 8 June 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 20040526170.

        images/TAS004250Oview.jpg

Scanned May 6, 2010, grid is 10x10 to the inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Dobie Meadows Road, Mono County, California: in Mono Valley.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 575, 7 Jul 2009.

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The grid spacing is 1/4 inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 20070626270.

        images/TAS004770det.jpg

The grid spacing is 1/4 inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Eriocoma hymenoides.
• Field Notes: 20070626270.

        images/TAS004770oview.jpg

Photographed 12 January 2024.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3117, 19 Jul 2023.

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Scanned 24 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1998, 24 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial, to 70 cm., clumped; Leaves, sheath, 80 mm., open, glabrous, ligule, membranous, 1 mm., auricles, absent, blade, 150 mm. × 1.7 mm. wide, revolute, sparsely scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 100 mm. × 12 mm. wide, spikelets, many; Axis, not extended, glabrous; Spikelets, many, 6 mm. × 1 mm. wide, excluding awn, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 1.2-6.0 mm., 1-flowered; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, subequal, lower, 7 mm. × 1 mm. wide, veins, #1, upper, 6.5 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, = lowest floret, veins, #3, rounded, membranous, tip, extended sharp soft point, not really an awn; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Callus, 0.5 mm., pointed, but not sharp like other cogeners, short, straight, white hairs; Lemma, 4 mm., ≤glumes, ovate, color, tan, stiff but not hard, hairs, slightly longer and more dense distally than proximally, straight, longest 1.2 mm., color white, veins, #3, parallel, then converging at awn, tip, 2-forked, awns, #1, 17 mm., attached at end of lemma, scabrous, bent twice, twisted, terminal segment straight; Palea, 3.5 mm., <lemma, 87% length of lemma, membranous, hairy, hairs extending beyond tip, tip, entire, color, tan; Anthers, 1.4 mm.; Achene, 3 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1998, 24 Jul 2018.

        images/TAS019980Infl.jpg

Photographed 24 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1998, 24 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial, to 70 cm., clumped; Leaves, sheath, 80 mm., open, glabrous, ligule, membranous, 1 mm., auricles, absent, blade, 150 mm. × 1.7 mm. wide, revolute, sparsely scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 100 mm. × 12 mm. wide, spikelets, many; Axis, not extended, glabrous; Spikelets, many, 6 mm. × 1 mm. wide, excluding awn, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 1.2-6.0 mm., 1-flowered; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, subequal, lower, 7 mm. × 1 mm. wide, veins, #1, upper, 6.5 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, = lowest floret, veins, #3, rounded, membranous, tip, extended sharp soft point, not really an awn; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Callus, 0.5 mm., pointed, but not sharp like other cogeners, short, straight, white hairs; Lemma, 4 mm., ≤glumes, ovate, color, tan, stiff but not hard, hairs, slightly longer and more dense distally than proximally, straight, longest 1.2 mm., color white, veins, #3, parallel, then converging at awn, tip, 2-forked, awns, #1, 17 mm., attached at end of lemma, scabrous, bent twice, twisted, terminal segment straight; Palea, 3.5 mm., <lemma, 87% length of lemma, membranous, hairy, hairs extending beyond tip, tip, entire, color, tan; Anthers, 1.4 mm.; Achene, 3 mm., green.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Colorado State Highway 82: at Brumley.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1998, 24 Jul 2018.

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Photographed 13 August 2021.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2683, 13 Aug 2021.

        images/20210813_101947sm.jpg

Photographed 5 January 2017.

Coll. No. 1493, 13 Jul 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1.3 m., non-rhizomatous bunch grass; Leaves, sheath open, ligule membraneous, tuft of hairs abaxially, blade flat, upper 15 cm.; Inflorescence, panicle, 30 cm. × 2.5 cm.; Spikelets, 1 per node; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Glumes, #2, lower, 8 mm. + awn 2.5 mm., veins, #3, thin, upper, ±similar; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Callus, sharp, 0.2 mm.; Lemma, enclosing grain, 6 mm. + awn 26 mm., twisted, short (0.1 mm.) hairy, color tan, tuft of hairs at base, middle sparse hairy, tuft of hairs at tip, lengths ±similar; Palea, 4 mm., hairy; Anthers, #3.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Eriocoma robusta.
• “Tilting Mesa Cut-Off,” North Table Mountain Park, Jefferson County, Colorado: near pond.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1493, 12 Jul 2016.

        images/IMGQ3514sm.jpg

Scanned 7 January 2018.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Eriocoma robusta.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1740, 15 Aug 2017.

        images/TAS017400Lemma.jpg

Photographed 11 August 2020.

Coll. No. 2418, 11 August 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 47 cm., clumped; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 96 mm., open, margin villous, villous at throat; Ligule, 0.8 mm., membraneous, lacerate or ciliate; Auricles, absent; Blade, 380 mm. × 2.4 mm. wide, revolute; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, ≤leaves, panicle, 120 mm. × 8 mm. wide, 2+ branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 11 mm., similar, borne singly, stalked, pedicels 2-6.5 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 12.5 mm., veins, #3, upper, 9 mm., veins, #3, ±parallel, rounded, membranous, awns, absent; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Callus, sharp; Lemma, 6.5 mm., <glumes, rolled, hairy throughout, longest hairs at apex, 2.7 mm., veins, #≥5, awns, #1, 15-16 mm., bent twice, twisted, attached, end; Palea, 2.5 mm., <lemma, membranous, keel or mid-vein, hairy, colorless, entire.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Eriocoma scribneri.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2418, 11 Aug 2020.

        images/IMGQ5163sm.jpg

Scanned 11 August 2020.

Coll. No. 2418, 11 August 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 47 cm., clumped; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, 96 mm., open, margin villous, villous at throat; Ligule, 0.8 mm., membraneous, lacerate or ciliate; Auricles, absent; Blade, 380 mm. × 2.4 mm. wide, revolute; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, ≤leaves, panicle, 120 mm. × 8 mm. wide, 2+ branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 11 mm., similar, borne singly, stalked, pedicels 2-6.5 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 12.5 mm., veins, #3, upper, 9 mm., veins, #3, ±parallel, rounded, membranous, awns, absent; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Callus, sharp; Lemma, 6.5 mm., <glumes, rolled, hairy throughout, longest hairs at apex, 2.7 mm., veins, #≥5, awns, #1, 15-16 mm., bent twice, twisted, attached, end; Palea, 2.5 mm., <lemma, membranous, keel or mid-vein, hairy, colorless, entire.

        images/TAS024180Floret.jpg

Photograph taken 11-May-07.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Furnace Creek Road, Mono County California: in mouth of canyon.

        images/IMGP2535sm.jpg

Photograph taken 11-May-07.

Location records that use this photograph:

• Furnace Creek, Mono County, California

Article records that use this photograph:

• Furnace Creek Road, Mono County California: in mouth of canyon.

        images/IMG_1486sm.jpg

Photographed 14 January 2024.

Coll. No. 3125, 19 July 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 35 cm., not rhizomatous; Stem, ascending at base, glabrous below inflorescence; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membranous ears with cilia [see Shaw (2008) fig. 242], blade, ≤0.5 mm. wide, revolute, hairy inside; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, spreading, ascending, 90 mm. × 30 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 7 mm. × 2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly; Glumes, lower, 3.3 mm., veins, 1(3?) [except for mid-veins, all veins on glumes and lemmas are obscure] upper, 4.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 1(3?), awns, 0; Florets, 4 per spikelet; Lemma, 4.5 mm., >glumes, membranous, rolled, proximally short hairy, distally scabrous, veins, #5???, glabrous, awns, #1, 2.5-4.0 mm., straight, attached end; Palea, ±=lemma, membranous; Anthers, 2.1-2.7 mm.; Ovary, apex with a couple hair-like things.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3125, 19 Jul 2023.

        images/IMGQ6062sm.jpg

Photographed 16 January 2024.

Coll. No. 3134, 20 July 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, 30-35 cm., forming dense clumps; Stem, glabrous; Leaves, most basal, on flowering culm: sheath, 80 mm., open >½, ligule, membranous, u-shaped [as illustrated in Shaw (2008) and FNANM], <1 mm.; blade, 40-60 mm. × 0.4 mm. dia., revolute, adaxial (inside) hairy, abaxial scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 70 mm. × 10-15 mm. wide; Spikelets, many, 6 mm. (plus awns) × 2.2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly; Glumes, lower, 2.5 mm., veins, #1, upper, 4.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #3 awns, 0; Florets, 4 per spikelet; Lemma, 4.5 mm., glabrous, distally scabrous, veins, #5, awns, #1, 2.5 mm., straight attached end; Palea, 4.6 mm., ±=lemma; Anthers, 2.6 mm.; Ovary, glabrous.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3134, 20 Jul 2023.

        images/IMGQ6066sm.jpg

Photographed 22 December 2018.

Coll. No. 1947, 15 June 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, clumped, not rhizomatous; Leaves, Sheath, 130 mm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, proximal, 200 mm., distal, 50-60 mm., revolute, scabrous inside; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, somewhat dispersed contracted panicle, 100 mm. × 9 mm. wide, spikelets, many; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, similar, 1 per node, pedicels, 1 mm., 2-many flowered, 8-9 mm. × 3 mm. wide; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes, florets falling as a unit; Glumes, lower, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, upper, 4.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #3, ±parallel, awns, #0; Florets, 5 per spikelet; Lemma, 4.0-4.5 mm., >glumes, ovate, membranous, rolled, glabrous, distally pubescent, tan veins, #5, tip, entire, awns, #1, 0.7-2.7 mm., straight, attached end; Palea, 4.5 mm., ≥lemma, membranous, margin and keels scabrous, tip, bifid; Anthers, few found, 2.2-2.5 mm.; Grain, 2.2 mm., green. One of several fescues found in this parcel, none of which are native to Golden. These appear to be robust cultivars that were used in a revegetation project. Compare to other collections from the same revegetation project that have been determined F. saximontana, such as my Coll. Nos. 1667, 1850, and 1853.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1947, 15 Jun 2018.

        images/IMGQ4813sm.jpg

© University of Colorado Museum Herbarium "COLO" URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=24612752&clid=0. Accessed: 26 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC BY-NC (Attribution-Non-Commercial).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Festuca idahoensis.

        images/20Fesida_Schweich1947COLO.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=21435420&clid=0 Accessed 26 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Festuca idahoensis.

        images/20Fesida_Schweich1947KHD.jpg

Scanned 22 December 2018.

Coll. No. 1947, 15 June 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, clumped, not rhizomatous; Leaves, Sheath, 130 mm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, proximal, 200 mm., distal, 50-60 mm., revolute, scabrous inside; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, somewhat dispersed contracted panicle, 100 mm. × 9 mm. wide, spikelets, many; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, similar, 1 per node, pedicels, 1 mm., 2-many flowered, 8-9 mm. × 3 mm. wide; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes, florets falling as a unit; Glumes, lower, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, upper, 4.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #3, ±parallel, awns, #0; Florets, 5 per spikelet; Lemma, 4.0-4.5 mm., >glumes, ovate, membranous, rolled, glabrous, distally pubescent, tan veins, #5, tip, entire, awns, #1, 0.7-2.7 mm., straight, attached end; Palea, 4.5 mm., ≥lemma, membranous, margin and keels scabrous, tip, bifid; Anthers, few found, 2.2-2.5 mm.; Grain, 2.2 mm., green. One of several fescues found in this parcel, none of which are native to Golden. These appear to be robust cultivars that were used in a revegetation project. Compare to other collections from the same revegetation project that have been determined F. saximontana, such as my Coll. Nos. 1667, 1850, and 1853.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1947, 15 Jun 2018.

        images/TAS019470Infl.jpg

Scanned 22 December 2018.

Coll. No. 1947, 15 June 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, clumped, not rhizomatous; Leaves, Sheath, 130 mm., open, glabrous; Ligule, membranous, 0.5 mm., auricles, minimal; Blade, proximal, 200 mm., distal, 50-60 mm., revolute, scabrous inside; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, somewhat dispersed contracted panicle, 100 mm. × 9 mm. wide, spikelets, many; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, similar, 1 per node, pedicels, 1 mm., 2-many flowered, 8-9 mm. × 3 mm. wide; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes, florets falling as a unit; Glumes, lower, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, upper, 4.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #3, ±parallel, awns, #0; Florets, 5 per spikelet; Lemma, 4.0-4.5 mm., >glumes, ovate, membranous, rolled, glabrous, distally pubescent, tan veins, #5, tip, entire, awns, #1, 0.7-2.7 mm., straight, attached end; Palea, 4.5 mm., ≥lemma, membranous, margin and keels scabrous, tip, bifid; Anthers, few found, 2.2-2.5 mm.; Grain, 2.2 mm., green. One of several fescues found in this parcel, none of which are native to Golden. These appear to be robust cultivars that were used in a revegetation project. Compare to other collections from the same revegetation project that have been determined F. saximontana, such as my Coll. Nos. 1667, 1850, and 1853.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1947, 15 Jun 2018.

        images/TAS019470Spklts.jpg

Scanned 16 Jun 2013.

Coll. No. 822, 30 May 2012, characters observed while keying: Perennial, to 50 cm; Roots fibrous; Stem herbaceous; Internodes hollow; Leaf blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath open; Ligule membraneous, 0.5 mm.; Blade rolled inward; Inflorescence 1-2, 8-9 cm., > leaves, branching evident, panicle, spikelets many; Spikelets similar, 1/node, 1° and 2° branches, many flowered, 10 mm.; Florets, 4-6 per spikelet, bisexual (1-2 staminate, 3-4 staminate and pistillate, 5-6 staminate and ?pistillate); Glumes lower 4.5 mm, upper 3.0 mm, lower < lowest floret, veins 3-9, awns 0; Axis sparsely hairy, not extended beyond upper floret; Lemma 5 mm., rolled, veins 5, outer faint, tip entire, awns 1, 2.0-2.5 mm, straight, attached at tip; Palea < lemma, keel glabrous, margin glabrous, Anthers 3, 2 mm.; Ovary glabrous.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Leonard Drive, Mono County, California: on Leonard Dr.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 822.

        images/TAS008220Infl.jpg

Scanned 29 May 2013.

Coll. No. 808, 8 May 2012, characters observed while keying: Annual, to 75-90 cm; Roots fibrous; Stem herbaceous; Nodes dark and constricted; Internodes hollow; Leaf blades and sheath differentiated; Blade soft; Sheath open; Ligule membraneous, short (1 mm); Inflorescence 3-many, spike, > leaves, spikelets many, alternate; Compresson lateral (unremarkable); Disarticulation unknown; Spikelets similar, 1/node, sessile, 2-many flowered, length 15-20 mm; Florets, 12-13 per spikelet, lowermost pistillate; Glumes, upper, 10 mm, 5 veins prominent abaxially, lower absent except in terminal spikelets; Lemma veins 5, awns 1, to 10 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Veterans Court, City of Alameda, Alameda County, California: 200 m e. of bridge.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 808.

        images/TAS008080Det.jpg

Scanned 29 May 2013.

Coll. No. 808, 8 May 2012, characters observed while keying: Annual, to 75-90 cm; Roots fibrous; Stem herbaceous; Nodes dark and constricted; Internodes hollow; Leaf blades and sheath differentiated; Blade soft; Sheath open; Ligule membraneous, short (1 mm); Inflorescence 3-many, spike, > leaves, spikelets many, alternate; Compresson lateral (unremarkable); Disarticulation unknown; Spikelets similar, 1/node, sessile, 2-many flowered, length 15-20 mm; Florets, 12-13 per spikelet, lowermost pistillate; Glumes, upper, 10 mm, 5 veins prominent abaxially, lower absent except in terminal spikelets; Lemma veins 5, awns 1, to 10 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Veterans Court, City of Alameda, Alameda County, California: 200 m e. of bridge.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 808.

        images/TAS008080Infl.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=22803165&clid=0 Accessed 26 April 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Festuca saximontana.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1853, 18 May 2018.

        images/20Fessax_Schweich1853.jpg

Photographed 14 December 2017.

Coll. No. 1667, 16 Jun 2017, characters observed: Perennial, to 30 cm.; Rhizomes, 0; Culm, very sparse scabrous below inflorescence; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 0.2 mm., auricles, 0.5 mm., short hairy distally, blades, revolute; Inflorescence, panicle, 50 mm. × 9 mm. wide; Spikelets, 1 per node; Disarticulation, between florets; Florets, #6±, 9 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide; Glumes, #2, pubescent only on distal veins and margins, lower, 2.5 mm., veins 1; upper, 3.5 mm., veins 2, tip mucronate; Lemma, 4 mm., veins 5, obscure but best seen at base, awn, #1, 1.5 mm., from tip of lemma; Palea, ≥lemma, veins green, tip bifid; Anthers, 1.8-2.0 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1667, 16 Jun 2017.

        images/IMGQ4491sm.jpg

Scanned 14 December 2017.

Coll. No. 1667, 16 Jun 2017, characters observed: Perennial, to 30 cm.; Rhizomes, 0; Culm, very sparse scabrous below inflorescence; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 0.2 mm., auricles, 0.5 mm., short hairy distally, blades, revolute; Inflorescence, panicle, 50 mm. × 9 mm. wide; Spikelets, 1 per node; Disarticulation, between florets; Florets, #6±, 9 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide; Glumes, #2, pubescent only on distal veins and margins, lower, 2.5 mm., veins 1; upper, 3.5 mm., veins 2, tip mucronate; Lemma, 4 mm., veins 5, obscure but best seen at base, awn, #1, 1.5 mm., from tip of lemma; Palea, ≥lemma, veins green, tip bifid; Anthers, 1.8-2.0 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1667, 16 Jun 2017.

        images/TAS016670Infl.jpg

Photographed 26 October 2023.

Coll. No. 2922, 22 May 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, 40 cm., cespitose; Leaves, sheath, 21-28 mm., open, ligule, membranous, 0.2 mm., extremely short, auricles, minimal, 0.5 mm. [see illustration in Shaw (2008, fig. 242)], blade, 23-80 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide, involute [conduplicate?]; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, contracted panicle, 55 mm. × 9 mm.; Spikelets, many, 8 mm. × 2 mm. wide, borne singly, pedicels, 2 mm.; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 2.5 mm. upper, 4 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 3, ±parallel, awns, 0, margins, distally ciliate; Florets, 4 per spikelet; Axis, short hairy or long scabrous, not extended beyond upper floret; Lemma, 4.5 mm., >glumes, pubescent distally, veins, ≥5, glabrous, awns, 1, attached end of lemma, 1.5 mm., straight; Palea, 4 mm., <lemma, Anthers, 3 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Festuca trachyphylla.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2922, 22 May 2023.

        images/IMGQ5914sm.jpg

Photographed 26 October 2023.

Coll. No. 2922, 22 May 2023, characters observed: Perennial grass, 40 cm., cespitose; Leaves, sheath, 21-28 mm., open, ligule, membranous, 0.2 mm., extremely short, auricles, minimal, 0.5 mm. [see illustration in Shaw (2008, fig. 242)], blade, 23-80 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide, involute [conduplicate?]; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, contracted panicle, 55 mm. × 9 mm.; Spikelets, many, 8 mm. × 2 mm. wide, borne singly, pedicels, 2 mm.; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 2.5 mm. upper, 4 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 3, ±parallel, awns, 0, margins, distally ciliate; Florets, 4 per spikelet; Axis, short hairy or long scabrous, not extended beyond upper floret; Lemma, 4.5 mm., >glumes, pubescent distally, veins, ≥5, glabrous, awns, 1, attached end of lemma, 1.5 mm., straight; Palea, 4 mm., <lemma, Anthers, 3 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2922, 22 May 2023.

        images/IMGQ5916sm.jpg

Photographed 12 January 2019.

Coll. No. 1979, 13 July 2018, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1.35 m., rhizomatous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, sheath, 13 cm., closed at least ⅔, ligule, membranous, auricles, absent, blade, 30 cm. × 4.5 mm. wide, flat; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, open panicle, 30 cm. × 25 cm. wide,; Spikelets, many, 5.5 mm. × 2 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, stalked, pedicels, 2-9 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 1.6 mm., veins, #1, upper, 2 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #1, membranous, awns, absent, tip, erose; Florets, 4-5 per spikelet; Lemma, 2.5 mm., >glumes, ovate, membranous, rolled, glabrous, veins, #7, prominent, parallel; Palea, 2 mm., <lemma; Cypsela, 1.4 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, brown.

See also Tim Hogan, Coll No. 2210, 1993-07-09, Lippencot Property, Bull Gulch east of railroad tracks, RM734389 and COLO453586.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1979, 13 Jul 2018.

        images/IMGQ4826sm.jpg

Scanned 7 Mar 2013.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 01S25, "Parker Creek Road," Inyo National Forest, Mono County, California: near campground.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 869, 23 Jun 2013.

        images/TAS008690Oview.jpg

Scanned 7 Mar 2013.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 01S25, "Parker Creek Road," Inyo National Forest, Mono County, California: near campground.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 869, 23 Jun 2013.

        images/TAS008690LfDet.jpg

Photographed 15 December 2016.

Coll. No. 1446, 22 Jun 2016, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 1 m.; Leaf, sheath closed, ligule membraneous, blade, 3 mm. wide; Inflorescence, loose panicle; Spikelets, one per node on short pedicels, laterally compressed, 2+ fertile florets, all similar; Glumes, #2, lower < upper, lower 1-nerved; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Lemma, 7-nerved, well-developed, evenly spaced, apices prow-shaped, awns, 0.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Glyceria striata.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1446, 22 Jun 2016.

        images/IMGQ3467sm.jpg

Scanned 21 November 2018.

Coll. No. 1890, 28 May 2018, characters observed: Perennial, 50 cm., clumped, nonrhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, 100-120 mm., open ≥½, glabrous; Ligule, membranous, length 3.7 mm., lacerate into 2 equal parts, auricles 0; Blade, 60 mm., involute, glabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 200 mm. × 30 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, somewhat scabrous throughout; Spikelets, many, similar, borne singly; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 23 mm., veins #3, upper, 23 mm., veins #5, awl-shaped, rounded, membranous, ±equal, tip, very narrow, not awned; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Callus, 5 mm., sharp, straight hairs to 1.5 mm., color tan; Lemma, 9.5 mm., rolled, indurate, straight hairy 0.5 mm., color tan, veins #3(?), awns, #1, 160 mm., bent, twisted, hairs, short straight proximally, scabrous distally; Palea, 9 mm., ±lemma, few white hairs on mid-vein; Stamens, #3; Anthers, 6.5 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1890, 28 May 2018.

        images/TAS018900Floret.jpg

Photographed 10 December 2018.

Coll. No. 1929, 8 June 2018, characters observed: Glumes, lower, 34 mm., upper, 29 mm.; Callus, sharp, 4.5 mm., hairs, 1 mm., tan; Lemma, 10 mm., hairs, white, awn, 125 mm., bent, becoming scabrous distally;

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hesperostipa comata.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1929, 8 Jun 2018.

        images/IMGQ4805sm.jpg

Scanned 10 July 2019.

This seed was purchased from Minnesota.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 10 Jul 2019.

        images/20Hesspa_20190710.jpg

Scanned 10 July 2019.

This seed was purchased from Minnesota.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 10 Jul 2019.

        images/20Hesspa_20190710b.jpg

Scanned 10 July 2019.

This seed was purchased from Minnesota.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 10 Jul 2019.

        images/20Hesspa_20190710c.jpg

Scanned 10 July 2019.

This seed was purchased from Minnesota.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 10 Jul 2019.

        images/20Hesspa_20190710a.jpg

Scanned 19 December 2017.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1681, 28 Jun 2017.

        images/TAS016810Floret.jpg

Scanned 19 December 2017.

Things to see here: very sharp callus, chesnut brown color vs. a lighter brown color for H. comata, long hairs at base, progressively thinner toward top, tightly twisted awns.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1681, 28 Jun 2017.

        images/TAS016810Achene.jpg

Scanned 10 June 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 337.

        images/TAS003370Oview.jpg

Photographed 2 October 2017.

Perennial, mid-sized, to 30-60 cm., strongly tillered as plant axis lengthens, rhizomatous; Roots, stout; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, fluted, solid, i.e., filled with pith, sparse soft long crinkly hairs (sparsely tomentose?); Leaf differentiated into sheath and blade, variously tomentose; Sheath open; Ligule membrane, 1 mm., divided into cilia at tip (laciniate?); Inflorescence well-developed, > leaves, spike-like, 8 cm., unbranched zig-zag central axis; Disarticulation, cluster of 3 spikelets falling as a unit; Spikelets, many, in clusters 3 per node, 1 central spikelet and 2 lateral spikelets on alternate sides of the rachis, hairy at base, sessile or nearly so, 8 mm.; Florets variously staminate or bisexual; Central spikelet: 1 bisexual floret, Glumes, 6 mm., ± equal, deeply 2-lobed, divided into 3-5 awn-like segments; Lemma 6 mm, ±glumes, membraneous, veins 3, prominent, glabrous, parallel, tip truncate, divided and ciliate, awns, 2 mm., straight, attached end; Lateral floret: 2 staminate florets, Lower glume 1+ awn-like segment; Upper glume awn 0; Anthers, 3.8 mm., lt. green with purple; Stigma: #2, feathery ciliate when present (Described from Coll. No. 337, 10 June 2012 and Coll. No. 1574, 18 April 2017)

Article records that use this photograph:

• Excelsior Mine Road - Eastern Mojave Desert: at dirt road.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1574, 18 Apr 2017.

        images/TAS015740Oview.jpg

Photographed 2 October 2017.

Perennial, mid-sized, to 30-60 cm., strongly tillered as plant axis lengthens, rhizomatous; Roots, stout; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, fluted, solid, i.e., filled with pith, sparse soft long crinkly hairs (sparsely tomentose?); Leaf differentiated into sheath and blade, variously tomentose; Sheath open; Ligule membrane, 1 mm., divided into cilia at tip (laciniate?); Inflorescence well-developed, > leaves, spike-like, 8 cm., unbranched zig-zag central axis; Disarticulation, cluster of 3 spikelets falling as a unit; Spikelets, many, in clusters 3 per node, 1 central spikelet and 2 lateral spikelets on alternate sides of the rachis, hairy at base, sessile or nearly so, 8 mm.; Florets variously staminate or bisexual; Central spikelet: 1 bisexual floret, Glumes, 6 mm., ± equal, deeply 2-lobed, divided into 3-5 awn-like segments; Lemma 6 mm, ±glumes, membraneous, veins 3, prominent, glabrous, parallel, tip truncate, divided and ciliate, awns, 2 mm., straight, attached end; Lateral floret: 2 staminate florets, Lower glume 1+ awn-like segment; Upper glume awn 0; Anthers, 3.8 mm., lt. green with purple; Stigma: #2, feathery ciliate when present (Described from Coll. No. 337, 10 June 2012 and Coll. No. 1574, 18 April 2017)

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1574, 18 Apr 2017.

        images/TAS015740Infl.jpg

Photographed 17 July 2015.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hordeum brachyantherum.
• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: near coll loc.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1214, 16 Jul 2015.

        images/IMGQ1264sm.jpg

Scanned 22 May 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Veterans Court, City of Alameda, Alameda County, California: 200 m e. of bridge.

        images/TAS008070Spikelet.jpg

Scanned 22 May 2012.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll No. 807.

        images/TAS008070Oview.jpg

Scanned 7 June 2011.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hordeum jubatum.
• Field Notes: 15 Jul 2010.

        images/TAS006640Oview.jpg

Scanned 7 June 2011.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 15 Jul 2010.

        images/TAS006640Det.jpg

Scanned 8 June 2018.

Under the microscope this was pretty clearly a fungus infection that was distorting the natural growth of the spikelets. The inflorescence was definitely a two-sided spike with 3 spikelets at each node. The center spikelet had a small but recognizable lemma, and the lateral spikelets had a recognizable very short curved pedicel. That, coupled with a nearby collection of H. jubatum makes me pretty sure this was the same, just badly infected by a fungus.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1932, 8 Jun 2018.

        images/TAS019320Inflsm.jpg

©reserved Denver Botanic Gardens URL: swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3037161&clid=0 Accessed 2 May 2020. Usage Rights: CC0 1.0 (Public-domain).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hordeum murinum.

        images/20Hormur_Wingate2350.jpg

Scanned 15 October 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hordeum murinum.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2087, 17 Jun 2019.

        images/TAS020870Gl.jpg

Scanned 6 January 2017.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Mesa Top Trail, Jefferson County, Colorado: near pond.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1500.1, 12 Jul 2016.

        images/TAS015001Oview.jpg

Scanned 17 December 2016.

Coll. No. 1453, 22 June 2016, characters observed: Annual, to 15 cm.; Leaves, sheath, open, 31 mm., ligule, membraneous, 0.7 mm., auricles, ±0; blade, 51 mm.; Inflorescence, dense 2-sided spike, 46 mm. × 5 mm. wide, base inserted in upper leaf sheath; Spikelets, 3 per node, central spikelet, sessile, fertile, 1 floret, lateral spikelets, pedicelled, sterile; Glumes, #2, body 5 mm. + awn 7 mm. = 12 mm., straight. Native. Type collected by Nuttall in 1810 “on the arid and saline plains of the Missouri” (Nuttall, 1818, p. 87-88).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Hordeum pusillum. Notes on Hordeum pusillum.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1453, 22 Jun 2016.

        images/TAS014530Oview.jpg

Scanned 21 September 2015.

Coll. No. 1117, 28 May 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 40 cm., not rhizomatous, lacking bulbous base; Leaves, sheath open, ligule membraneous, 1 mm., auricles 0, blade 38 mm. × 2.5 mm., tip, prow-shaped; Inflorescence, 70-80 mm., panicle, narrow, contracted; Spikelets, not enclosed in burs, not in pairs, pedicellate, 5 mm., green with purple tinge, moderately laterally compressed; Pedicel, ascending hairs; Glumes, ±similar, slightly keeled, ±hairy on keel, lower, 3 mm., <1st lemma, upper, 5 mm.; Florets, mostly 2 per spikelet; Rachilla, extends beyond upper floret, glabrous; Callus, few hairs, not cobwebby; Lemma, 4 mm., hairs at base, barely keeled, keel with few short hairs, veins, 3 conspicuous, tips scarious; Palea, <lemma, transparent, veins, 2, hairy.

Distinguished from P. secunda on the strength of: lateral compression (Harrington, 1954), keels on glumes and lemmas (Weber & Wittmann, 2012, and Ackerfield, 2015), lack of cobwebby hairs at base of lemma (Shaw, 2008), and lemma hairy on keel and flowers unisexual (Baldwin, 2012).

Article records that use this photograph:

• Plainview Road, Jefferson County, Colorado.: near coll loc.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1117, 28 May 2015..

        images/TAS011170Infl.jpg

Scanned 6 December 2016.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1419, 10 Jun 2016.

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Photographed 9 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1131, 9 June 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 45 cm., non-rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, 1.5 mm., membraneous, auricles, 0, blade, tip prow-shaped; Inflorescence, panicle, shiny in anthesis, short branches, branches hairy; Florets, 3, #1 and #2 pistillate, #3 staminate, open, i.e., palea separated from lemma; Disarticulation, between florets; Rachilla hairy, extends nearly 1 mm. above upper floret, extension undecorated; Lemma, 4.5 mm., veins 5, short hairy throughout, awn, 0.5 mm., short, soft; Palea, =lemma, transparent; Stamens, 3, 1.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Koeleria macrantha.
• North Table Loop, Jefferson County, Colorado: near landslide.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1131, 9 Jun 2015.

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Scanned 7 October 2015.

Coll. No. 1131, 9 June 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 45 cm., non-rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, 1.5 mm., membraneous, auricles, 0, blade, tip prow-shaped; Inflorescence, panicle, shiny in anthesis, short branches, branches hairy; Florets, 3, #1 and #2 pistillate, #3 staminate, open, i.e., palea separated from lemma; Disarticulation, between florets; Rachilla hairy, extends nearly 1 mm. above upper floret, extension undecorated; Lemma, 4.5 mm., veins 5, short hairy throughout, awn, 0.5 mm., short, soft; Palea, =lemma, transparent; Stamens, 3, 1.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1131, 9 Jun 2015.

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Scanned 2 January 2017.

Coll. No. 1487, 6 Jul 2016, characters observed: Perennial, to 90 cm., long scaly rhizomes not found, culms, 1.5 mm. dia., generally glabrous, except lemma minutely scabrous; Leaves, sheath, open, glabrous, ligule, membraneous, 0.8 mm., auricles, very small, blade, involute; Inflorescence, spike-like, 2-sided, 115 mm. × 8 mm. wide; Spikelets, in pairs, sessile; Glumes, #2, awl-like, lower, 8 mm., upper, 10 mm.; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between florets unclear; Florets, #5, + 1 rudimentary at top of rachilla; Lemma (largest), body 14 mm. + awn 2 mm., reduced above, veins 5, minutely scabrous; Palea, 11 mm., enclosing embryo, tip bifid.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Leymus triticoides.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1487, 6 Jul 2016.

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Map retrieved 3 October 2019.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Colorado collections.

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Accessed 25 July 2020, URL: ttp://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN330224999

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Lolium arundinaceus, Gmelin, 1747.

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Photographed 13 December 2023.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 3014, 29 Jun 2023.

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Photographed 17 November 2021.

Coll. No. 2531, 29 June 2021, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 60 cm., weakly rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath and blade differentiated, soft; Sheath, 90 mm., open; Ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, 1 mm, curled away; Blade, 250 mm. × 3 mm., some flat, some revolute, abaxial glabrous, adaxial scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 80 mm. × 9 mm. wide, 2° branches; Rachis, not extended, scabrous on margins; Spikelets, many, 9-10 mm. × 2.5-3.0 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 2.0-7.5 mm.; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, between florets; Glumes, lower, 3 mm., veins, 1, upper, 4.5 mm., <lowest floret, veins, 3, rounded, distally ±keeled, margins, scarious, awns, 0; Florets, 6 per spikelet, 5×♀ + 1 bisexual; Axis, extended; Lemma, 6.5 mm., >glumes, lanceolate, membraneous, rolled, glabrous, green with some purple distally, veins, 3, glabrous, margins, scarious, tip, entire, acute, awns, 0; Palea, 6 mm., ±=lemma, veins, ciliate, green → purple, tip, entire; Anthers, 2, 2.3 mm., cream-colored; Ovary, glabrous; Achene, 3 mm., golden brown.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2531, 29 Jun 2021.

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Photographed 26 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1187, 26 June 2015, characters observed: Perennial caespitose grass, to 35 cm., basal or subterranean nodes not swollen; Leaf, sheath and blade differentiated, tips flat; Inflorescence, panicle, 1° and 2° branches, appressed, pedicels sharply bent below spikelets, Spikelets, many, 1 per node, all similar, laterally compressed, Glumes, very short hairy, awns 0, lower, 10 mm., veins 3, <lowest floret, broadly transparent, upper, 11 mm., veins 5; Axis, scabrous or shory hairy, segments not thickened; Callus, glabrous; Florets, (3)4(5) per spikelet, lowest sterile, next 2 bisexual, uppermost vestigal; Lemma, 11 mm., very short hairy, veins 5 faint, awns 0; Palea, 6 mm., keels ciliate, margins.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 01S30, “Grant Lake Road,” Mono County, California: at end.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1187, 26 Jun 2015.

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Scanned 10 November 2015.

Coll. No. 1187, 26 June 2015, characters observed: Perennial caespitose grass, to 35 cm., basal or subterranean nodes not swollen; Leaf, sheath and blade differentiated, tips flat; Inflorescence, panicle, 1° and 2° branches, appressed, pedicels sharply bent below spikelets, Spikelets, many, 1 per node, all similar, laterally compressed, Glumes, very short hairy, awns 0, lower, 10 mm., veins 3, <lowest floret, broadly transparent, upper, 11 mm., veins 5; Axis, scabrous or shory hairy, segments not thickened; Callus, glabrous; Florets, (3)4(5) per spikelet, lowest sterile, next 2 bisexual, uppermost vestigal; Lemma, 11 mm., very short hairy, veins 5 faint, awns 0; Palea, 6 mm., keels ciliate, margins.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1187, 26 Jun 2015.

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Photographed 26 June 2015.

Coll. No. 1187, 26 June 2015, characters observed: Perennial caespitose grass, to 35 cm., basal or subterranean nodes not swollen; Leaf, sheath and blade differentiated, tips flat; Inflorescence, panicle, 1° and 2° branches, appressed, pedicels sharply bent below spikelets, Spikelets, many, 1 per node, all similar, laterally compressed, Glumes, very short hairy, awns 0, lower, 10 mm., veins 3, <lowest floret, broadly transparent, upper, 11 mm., veins 5; Axis, scabrous or shory hairy, segments not thickened; Callus, glabrous; Florets, (3)4(5) per spikelet, lowest sterile, next 2 bisexual, uppermost vestigal; Lemma, 11 mm., very short hairy, veins 5 faint, awns 0; Palea, 6 mm., keels ciliate, margins.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 01S30, “Grant Lake Road,” Mono County, California: at end.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1187, 26 Jun 2015.

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Photographed 13 August 2021.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2684, 13 Aug 2021.

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Scanned 25 July 2020.

Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 70 cm.; Rhizomes, robust, scaly; Internodes glabrous, except retrorsely hairy just below nodes to lowest part of sheath above; Leaves, sheath, open, 60 mm., ligules, 1 mm., membraneous, auricles, absent, blade, 100 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide, tapered to an acute tip, margin and mid-rib slightly scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, dense interrupted panicle, “appearing furry” per Wingate (1994); Spikelets, with 1 well developed floret; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., upper, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, but otherwise glumes very thin; Callus, silky hairs to 2 mm.; Lemma, 2.5 mm., very thin, except 3 green veins, awn, #1, from entire apex, 7.5 mm, straight to wavy; Palea, 1.7 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia andina. Notes on Muhlenbergia andina.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020.

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Scanned 25 July 2020.

Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 70 cm.; Rhizomes, robust, scaly; Internodes glabrous, except retrorsely hairy just below nodes to lowest part of sheath above; Leaves, sheath, open, 60 mm., ligules, 1 mm., membraneous, auricles, absent, blade, 100 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide, tapered to an acute tip, margin and mid-rib slightly scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, dense interrupted panicle, “appearing furry” per Wingate (1994); Spikelets, with 1 well developed floret; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., upper, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, but otherwise glumes very thin; Callus, silky hairs to 2 mm.; Lemma, 2.5 mm., very thin, except 3 green veins, awn, #1, from entire apex, 7.5 mm, straight to wavy; Palea, 1.7 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia andina. Notes on Muhlenbergia andina.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020.

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Scanned 25 July 2020.

The thing to see here are the long silky hairs from the callus and lower lemma.

Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 70 cm.; Rhizomes, robust, scaly; Internodes glabrous, except retrorsely hairy just below nodes to lowest part of sheath above; Leaves, sheath, open, 60 mm., ligules, 1 mm., membraneous, auricles, absent, blade, 100 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide, tapered to an acute tip, margin and mid-rib slightly scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, dense interrupted panicle, “appearing furry” per Wingate (1994); Spikelets, with 1 well developed floret; Glumes, lower, 3.5 mm., upper, 3.2 mm., veins, #1, but otherwise glumes very thin; Callus, silky hairs to 2 mm.; Lemma, 2.5 mm., very thin, except 3 green veins, awn, #1, from entire apex, 7.5 mm, straight to wavy; Palea, 1.7 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2392, 24 Jul 2020.

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Scanned 3 March 2011. Background grid is 10 x 10 to the inch.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia asperifolia. Notes on Muhlenbergia asperifolia, Trinius, 1840.
• Field Notes: Coll No. 490.

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Scanned 16 January 2016.

Coll. No. 1282, 28 Aug 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 50 cm., caespitose; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 4.5 mm., auricles, 0, blade, 110 mm. × 1 mm. wide; Inflorescence, rather sparse contracted panicle, 120 mm.; Florets per spikelet, #1; Glumes, #2, papery, toothed, lower, 1.5 mm., upper, 2 mm., teeth 3; Lemma, 3 mm. + awn 13 mm., flexuous, tuft of hairs at base; Palea, 2.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia montana.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1282, 28 Aug 2015.

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Photographed 16 January 2016.

Coll. No. 1282, 28 Aug 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 50 cm., caespitose; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 4.5 mm., auricles, 0, blade, 110 mm. × 1 mm. wide; Inflorescence, rather sparse contracted panicle, 120 mm.; Florets per spikelet, #1; Glumes, #2, papery, toothed, lower, 1.5 mm., upper, 2 mm., teeth 3; Lemma, 3 mm. + awn 13 mm., flexuous, tuft of hairs at base; Palea, 2.8 mm.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia montana.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1282, 28 Aug 2015.

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Photographed 30 January 2022.

Coll. No. 2658, 7 Aug 2021, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 60 cm., rhizomatous; Leaves, Sheath, 38 mm., open; Ligule, membranous, 0.7 mm., lacerate; Auricles, absent; Blade, 65-135 mm. × 3-4 mm. wide, flat, scabrous, margins, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, spike-like panicle, 70 mm. × 6 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 4.0-4.5 mm. ×0.5 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 0.6-0.8+ mm.; Glumes, body 2 mm. + awn 3 mm.; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Lemma, 2.5 mm., body < glumes (body+awn), membranous, proximal spreading hairs, distal scabrous, veins, 3, green, tip, acute, awns, 0, [dark green splotches proximally, maybe a smut(?)]; Palea, 2 mm., membranous, glabrous, veins, green; Stamens, Ovary, Achene, none found.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: Muhlenbergia racemosa.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 2658, 7 Aug 2021.

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Scanned 6 Nov 2011.

Coll. No. 673, 6 Nov 2011, Characters observed while keying: Perennial, low, 12-15 cm, terrestrial; Rhizomes creeping, subterranean internodes not swollen; Leaf blade and sheath clearly differentiated, sheath open, margin membranaceous; Ligule membranaceous, 1.5 mm; Infloresence mature clearly > leaves, 5 mm wide, much branched, to at least 2°; Spikelet similar throughout plant, many, 2.5 mm, one-flowered, cylindric, axis not extended beside floret, not subtended by bristles or hairs; Glumes 2, unequal, < 2 mm, not swollen at base, not awned or long-pointed, glabrous, not ciliate-keeled, < lemma; Lemma vein 3, glabrous, awn 0; Palea 2-veined; Stamens 3.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 22 Jul 2010.

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Scanned 19 August 2013.

Coll. No. 891, 23 August 2013, characters observed while keying: Perennial, to 15 cm, terrestrial, spreading by scaly rhizomes; Stem, nodes green; Leaf, sheath and blade differentiated, ligule membraneous, 1 mm; Inflorescence, exceeding upper leaves, 3 mm wide, axis partially hidden by branches and spikelets, not extended above spikelets; Spikelets, many in a well-developed inflorescence, attached to 1° and 2° branches, not subtended by bristles or long silky hairs, all spikelets similar, 1- flowered, laterally compressed, breaking apart above glumes; Glumes, 2, 1 mm, ±½lemma, equal, not: keeled, ciliate keeled, winged, or tapered to points; Lemma, glabrous, veins 1 obvious + 2 faint, not hardened, awns 0; Palea, well-developed.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Forest Road 1S56, Mono County, California: along Dry Ck.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 891.

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Scanned 6 Nov 2011.

Coll. No. 673, 6 Nov 2011, Characters observed while keying: Perennial, low, 12-15 cm, terrestrial; Rhizomes creeping, subterranean internodes not swollen; Leaf blade and sheath clearly differentiated, sheath open, margin membranaceous; Ligule membranaceous, 1.5 mm; Infloresence mature clearly > leaves, 5 mm wide, much branched, to at least 2°; Spikelet similar throughout plant, many, 2.5 mm, one-flowered, cylindric, axis not extended beside floret, not subtended by bristles or hairs; Glumes 2, unequal, < 2 mm, not swollen at base, not awned or long-pointed, glabrous, not ciliate-keeled, < lemma; Lemma vein 3, glabrous, awn 0; Palea 2-veined; Stamens 3.

Article records that use this photograph:

• Field Notes: 22 Jul 2010.

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Scanned 12 January 2016.

Coll. No. 1276, 30 Jul 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, to 60 cm., caespitose; Culms, erect, not rooting at nodes, short hairy; Leaves, sheath, open, 12 cm., ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles 0, blade, 12 cm. × 1.5 mm., folded; Inflorescence, narrow (4 mm.) spike-like panicle; Spikelets, neither enclosed in burs nor in pairs; Florets, 1 per spikelet, reduced florets absent; Glumes, ±equal, 1.5 mm. + awn 0.5 mm.; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Lemma, 2 mm. × 0.5 mm. wide + awn 0.5 mm. (usually described as “mucronate” rather than awned); Palea, ?.

Article records that use this photograph:

• North Table Loop, Jefferson County, Colorado: near Golden Cliffs Trl.
• Field Notes: Coll. No. 1276, 29 Jul 2015.

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